xerD:On One Page

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Quickview   Gene   Gene Product(s)   Expression   Evolution   On One Page    
Quickview | Gene | Product(s) | Expression| Evolution | References |

Quickview

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Standard Name

xerD

Gene Synonym(s)

ECK2889, b2894, JW2862, xprB[1][2], xprB

Product Desc.

site-specific recombinase[3][4];

Component of Xer site-specific recombination system[4]

Tyrosine recombinase XerCD resolves chromosome dimers; site-specific[5]

Product Synonyms(s)

site-specific tyrosine recombinase[1], B2894[3][1], XprB[3][1], XerD[3][1] , ECK2889, JW2862, xprB, b2894

Function from GO

<GO_nr />

Knock-Out Phenotype
Regulation/Expression

transcription unit(s): xerD[3]

Regulation/Activity
Quick Links

porteco.png EcoCyc.gif regulondb.jpg

dnadisplay.png proteindisplay.png   pubmed.jpg   textpresso.jpg  

</protect> See Help:Quickview for help with entering information in the Quickview table. <protect></protect>

Notes

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XerCD acts at the Dif site.[5]



Gene

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Nomenclature

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See Help:Gene_nomenclature for help with entering information in the Gene Nomenclature table.

Standard name

xerD

Mnemonic

cer-specific recombination

Synonyms

ECK2889, b2894, JW2862, xprB[1][2], xprB

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Notes

Location(s) and DNA Sequence

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<protect> See Help:Gene_location for help entering information in the Gene Location and DNA sequence table.

Strain Map location Genome coordinates Genome browsers Sequence links

MG1655

65.45 minutes 

MG1655: 3037765..3036869
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_000913:3036869..3037765 source=MG1655 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

REL606

NC_012967: 2925496..2924600
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_012967:2924600..2925496 source=REL606 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

BW2952

NC_012759: 2924017..2924913
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_012759:2924017..2924913 source=BW2952 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

W3110

 

W3110: 3038399..3037503
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_007779:3037503..3038399 source=W3110 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

DH10B

DH10B: 3131635..3130739
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_010473:3130739..3131635 source=DH10B preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

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Notes

Sequence Features

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See Help:Gene_sequence_features for help in entering sequence features in EcoliWiki.

Feature Type Strain Genomic Location Evidence Reference Notes

Coding Start (SO:0000323)

MG1655

3036869

Edman degradation

PMID:8402918


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Notes

Alleles and Phenotypes

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See Help:Gene_alleles for how to enter or edit alleles and phenotypes in EcoliWiki.

Allele Nt change(s) AA change(s) Phenotype: Type Phenotype: Description Reference Availability Comments

ΔxerD (Keio:JW2862)

deletion

deletion

PMID:16738554

Shigen
CGSC10218[6]

xerDR247Q

R247Q

Abolishes DNA cleavage activity

  • PMID:2974924
  • PMID:7729430

seeded from UniProt:P0A8P8

xerDNHG256ESS

NHG256ESS

Abolishes plasmid resolution but not chromosomal recombination

seeded from UniProt:P0A8P8

xerDR148K

R148K

Abolishes DNA cleavage activity

seeded from UniProt:P0A8P8

xerDH244L

H244L

Abolishes DNA religation activity

seeded from UniProt:P0A8P8

xerDA298Q

A298Q

Reduces chromosomal recombination but not plasmid resolution

seeded from UniProt:P0A8P8

xerDH295E

H295E

Abolishes DNA recombination (in vitro)

seeded from UniProt:P0A8P8

xerDH294Q,E

H294Q,E

Abolishes DNA recombination (in vitro)

seeded from UniProt:P0A8P8

xerDR297E

R297E

Abolishes DNA recombination (in vitro)

seeded from UniProt:P0A8P8

xerDY279F

Y279F

Abolishes DNA cleavage activity

  • PMID:2836392
  • PMID:7729430

seeded from UniProt:P0A8P8

ΔxerD745::kan

PMID:16738554

CGSC:103414


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Notes

Genetic Interactions

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Interactor Interaction Allele Score(s) Reference(s) Accessions Notes

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Notes

Genetic Resources

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See Help:Gene_resources for help entering information into the Genetic Resources table.

Resource Resource Type Source Notes/Reference

JW2862

Plasmid clone

Shigen

PMID:16769691

Status:Clone OK

Primer 1:GCCAAACAGGATCTGGCACGCAT

Primer 2:CCgGCCCGCGGGTGATGCTGTTG

22H4

Kohara Phage

Genobase

PMID:3038334

5E11

Kohara Phage

Genobase

PMID:3038334

recD1901::Tn10

Linked marker

CAG12135 = CGSC7429[6]

est. P1 cotransduction: % [7]

speA210::Tn10

Linked marker

CAG12168 = CGSC7431[6]

est. P1 cotransduction: 11% [7]
Synonyms:zgd-210::Tn10, zgf-210::Tn10

pRM130

Plasmid Clone

XerD+ overexpressing plasmid

PMID:8402918

pRM135

Plasmid Clone

xerD+ overexpressing plasmid CmR, λdv replicon

PMID:8402918

pLA123

Plasmid Clone

XerDY280F overexpressing plasmid

PMID:8402918

pLA127

Plasmid Clone

XerDR247Q overexpressing plasmid

PMID:8402918

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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG11071

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG11071

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120001060

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

NCBI (EcoliWiki Page)

GeneID:947362

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB1064

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0009500

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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Product(s)

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Nomenclature

See Help:Product_nomenclature for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Standard name

XerD

Synonyms

site-specific tyrosine recombinase[1], B2894[3][1], XprB[3][1], XerD[3][1] , ECK2889, JW2862, xprB, b2894

Product description

site-specific recombinase[3][4];

Component of Xer site-specific recombination system[4]

Tyrosine recombinase XerCD resolves chromosome dimers; site-specific[5]

EC number (for enzymes)


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Notes

XerD binds to the dif right half site[8].

Function

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<protect> Gene Ontology
See Help:Gene_ontology for help entering or editing GO terms and GO annotations in EcoliWiki.

Qualifier GO ID GO term name Reference Evidence Code with/from Aspect Notes Status

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR002104

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR004107

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

PMID:8402918

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011932

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR013762

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0238

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

GOA:hamap
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

HAMAP:MF_01807

C

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0963

C

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

GO_REF:0000023

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_SL:SL-0086

C

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0006310

DNA recombination

GOA:hamap
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

HAMAP:MF_01807

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0006310

DNA recombination

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR002104

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0006310

DNA recombination

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011932

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0006310

DNA recombination

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR013762

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0006310

DNA recombination

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0233

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0006313

transposition, DNA-mediated

GOA:hamap
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

HAMAP:MF_01807

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0007049

cell cycle

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011932

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0007049

cell cycle

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0131

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0007059

chromosome segregation

GOA:hamap
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

HAMAP:MF_01807

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0007059

chromosome segregation

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011932

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0007059

chromosome segregation

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0159

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0009037

tyrosine-based site-specific recombinase activity

GOA:hamap
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

HAMAP:MF_01807

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0015074

DNA integration

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR002104

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0015074

DNA integration

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR004107

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0015074

DNA integration

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011932

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0015074

DNA integration

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR013762

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0015074

DNA integration

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0229

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0051301

cell division

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011932

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0051301

cell division

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0132

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0048476

Holliday junction resolvase complex

PMID:11114887

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

C

with XerC

complete

GO:0006276

plasmid maintenance

PMID:8195072

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

complete

GO:0009009

site-specific recombinase activity

PMID:11114887

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

with XerC and FtsK

complete

GO:0009009

site-specific recombinase activity

PMID:8402918

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

of cer and dif

complete

GO:0009037

tyrosine-based site-specific recombinase activity

PMID:8402918

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

F

complete

GO:0071139

resolution of recombination intermediates

PMID:7746851

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

P

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011010

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0048476

Holliday junction resolvase complex

PMID:7746851

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

C

complete

Interactions See Help:Product_interactions for help entering or editing information about gene product interactions in this section of EcoliWiki.

Partner Type Partner Notes References Evidence

Protein

Subunits of Xer site-specific recombination system

could be indirect

Protein

rplQ

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1144212

Protein

ytfN

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1144212

Protein

rpsI

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1144212

Protein

prs

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1144212

Protein

acpP

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884705

Protein

mukB

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884705

Protein

acpP

PMID:19402753

LCMS(ID Probability):99.6

Protein

mukB

PMID:19402753

LCMS(ID Probability):99.6

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Notes

Localization

See Help:Product_localization for how to add or edit information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Compartment Description Evidence Reference/Source Notes

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Notes

Structure and Physical Properties

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<protect> Physical Properties See Help:Product_physical_properties for help entering or editing information about the physical properties of this gene product.

Name
Sequence

at EcoCyc

MKQDLARIEQ FLDALWLEKN LAENTLNAYR RDLSMMVEWL HHRGLTLATA QSDDLQALLA
ERLEGGYKAT SSARLLSAVR RLFQYLYREK FREDDPSAHL ASPKLPQRLP KDLSEAQVER
LLQAPLIDQP LELRDKAMLE VLYATGLRVS ELVGLTMSDI SLRQGVVRVI GKGNKERLVP
LGEEAVYWLE TYLEHGRPWL LNGVSIDVLF PSQRAQQMTR QTFWHRIKHY AVLAGIDSEK
LSPHVLRHAF ATHLLNHGAD LRVVQMLLGH SDLSTTQIYT HVATERLRQL HQQHHPRA
Length

298

Mol. Wt

34.246 kDa

pI

9.1 (calculated)

Extinction coefficient

40,910 (calc based on 9 Y, 5 W, and 0 C residues)


Domains/Motifs/Modification Sites

See Help:Product_domains_motifs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Type Residues Description Notes References

Domain

8..90

PF02899 Phage integrase, N-terminal SAM-like domain

PMID:19920124

Domain

111..286

PF00589 Phage integrase family

PMID:19920124

<motif_map/>

Structure
See Help:Product_structure for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Structures

<beststructure> gene=xerD taxon=562,83333 </beststructure>

Models

View models at:

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Structure figures

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</protect>

Notes

Mutants that are still able to bind recombination sites, but do not promote recombination at cer or in vivo plasmid resolution

  • Presumptive active site tyrosine nucleophile mutant = XerDY279F[9][10]
  • Conserved Domain II Arginine implicated in DNA phosphodiester activation = XerDR247Q[11][10]

Gene Product Resources

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See Help:Product_resources for help with entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource type Source Notes/Reference

<protect></protect>

Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

NCBI (Protein) (EcoliWiki Page)

GI:16130796

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

NCBI (Protein) (EcoliWiki Page)

GeneID:947362

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0009500

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

UniProt (EcoliWiki Page)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P0A8P8

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG11071

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG11071

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

NCBI (Gene) (EcoliWiki Page)

GeneID:947362

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120001060

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB1064

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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Expression

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Overview

This is a placeholder for a summary statement on how expression of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.


Cellular Levels

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See Help:Cellular levels

Molecule Organism or Strain Value Units Experimental Conditions Assay used Notes Reference(s)

Protein

E. coli K-12 MG1655

199

molecules/cell/generation

  • Medium: MOPS Complete
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • *Growth phase:
  • OD:
  • other:

Ribosome Profiling

PMID: 24766808

Protein

E. coli K-12 MG1655

73

molecules/cell/generation

  • Medium: MOPS Minimal
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • *Growth phase:
  • OD:
  • other:

Ribosome Profiling

PMID: 24766808

Protein

E. coli K-12 MG1655

103

molecules/cell/generation

  • Medium: MOPS Complete without Methionine
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • *Growth phase:
  • OD:
  • other:

Ribosome Profiling

PMID: 24766808

Notes

Transcription and Transcriptional Regulation

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<protect>

See Help:Expression_transcription for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Transcription unit(s)

xerD

Figure courtesy of RegulonDB

</protect>

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how transcription of this gene is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Translation and Regulation of Translation

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<protect><gbrowseImage> name=NC_000913:3037745..3037785 source=MG1655 flip=1 type=Gene+DNA_+Protein preset=Nterminus </gbrowseImage> This picture shows the sequence around the N-terminus.

</protect>

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how translation of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Turnover and Regulation of Turnover

</protect>

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about turnover of this gene product. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Experimental

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<protect> Mutations Affecting Expression See Help:Expression_mutations for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Allele Name Mutation Phenotype Reference


Expression Studies See Help:Expression_studies for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Type Reference Notes

microarray

GEO Profiles:b2894 (EcoliWiki Page)

NCBI GEO profiles for xerD

microarray

GenExpDB:b2894 (EcoliWiki Page)

Summary of data for xerD from multiple microarray studies


Expression Resources See Help:Expression_resources for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource Name Resource Type Description Source Notes

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Notes

Accessions Related to xerD Expression

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG11071

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB1064

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoliGenExpDB (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoliGenExpDB:b2894

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG11071

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120001060

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0009500

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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Evolution

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Homologs in Other Organisms

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See Help:Evolution_homologs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Organism Homologs (Statistics) Comments

Anopheles gambiae

  • ENSANGP00000026953 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Apis mellifera

  • ENSAPMP00000025093 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Shigella flexneri

XERD

From SHIGELLACYC

E. coli O157

XERD

From ECOO157CYC


Do-It-Yourself Web Tools

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Notes

XerD shares 37% identity with XerC[8].

Families

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

Pfam (EcoliWiki Page)

PF02899 Phage integrase, N-terminal SAM-like domain

Superfamily (EcoliWiki Page)

SUPERFAMILY:47823

Superfamily (EcoliWiki Page)

SUPERFAMILY:56349

Pfam (EcoliWiki Page)

PF00589 Phage integrase family

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG11071

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG11071

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120001060

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB1064

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0009500

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

<protect></protect>

Notes

Member of the lambda integrase family of recombinases.

Links

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References

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See Help:References for how to manage references in EcoliWiki.

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 Riley, M. et al. (2006) Nucleic Acids Res 34:1-6 (corrected supplemental data from B. Wanner)
  2. 2.0 2.1 Lovett, ST & Kolodner, RD (1991) Nucleotide sequence of the Escherichia coli recJ chromosomal region and construction of recJ-overexpression plasmids. J. Bacteriol. 173 353-64 PubMed
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 EcoCyc (release 10.6; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 EcoCyc (release 11.1; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 EcoGene: Rudd, KE (2000) EcoGene: a genome sequence database for Escherichia coli K-12. Nucleic Acids Res 28:60-4.
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 CGSC: The Coli Genetics Stock Center
  7. 7.0 7.1 The Tn10 insertion sites determined by Nichols et al. 1998 (PMID:9829956) were reannotated by alignment with E. coli K-12 genome sequence (GenBank accession NC_000913). P1 contransduction frequencies were calculated using the formula of Wu (PMID:5338813).
  8. 8.0 8.1 Blakely, G et al. (1993) Two related recombinases are required for site-specific recombination at dif and cer in E. coli K12. Cell 75 351-61 PubMed
  9. Pargellis, CA et al. (1988) Suicide recombination substrates yield covalent lambda integrase-DNA complexes and lead to identification of the active site tyrosine. J. Biol. Chem. 263 7678-85 PubMed
  10. 10.0 10.1 Leslie, NR & Sherratt, DJ (1995) Site-specific recombination in the replication terminus region of Escherichia coli: functional replacement of dif. EMBO J. 14 1561-70 PubMed
  11. Parsons, RL et al. (1988) Step-arrest mutants of FLP recombinase: implications for the catalytic mechanism of DNA recombination. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8 3303-10 PubMed

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