xerC:On One Page

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Quickview   Gene   Gene Product(s)   Expression   Evolution   On One Page    
Quickview | Gene | Product(s) | Expression| Evolution | References |

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Standard Name

xerC

Gene Synonym(s)

ECK3806, b3811, JW3784[1], JW3784

Product Desc.

site-specific recombinase, acts on cer sequence of ColE1, effects chromosome segregation at cell division[2][3];

Component of Xer site-specific recombination system[3]

Tyrosine recombinase XerCD resolves chromosome dimers; site-specific[4]

Product Synonyms(s)

site-specific tyrosine recombinase[1], B3811[2][1], XerC[2][1] , ECK3806, JW3784, b3811

Function from GO

<GO_nr />

Knock-Out Phenotype
Regulation/Expression

transcription unit(s): yifL[2]

Regulation/Activity
Quick Links

porteco.png EcoCyc.gif regulondb.jpg

dnadisplay.png proteindisplay.png   pubmed.jpg   textpresso.jpg  

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Notes

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XerCD acts at the Dif site.[4]



Gene

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Nomenclature

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See Help:Gene_nomenclature for help with entering information in the Gene Nomenclature table.

Standard name

xerC

Mnemonic

cer-specific recombination

Synonyms

ECK3806, b3811, JW3784[1], JW3784

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Notes

Location(s) and DNA Sequence

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<protect> See Help:Gene_location for help entering information in the Gene Location and DNA sequence table.

Strain Map location Genome coordinates Genome browsers Sequence links

MG1655

86.09 minutes, 86.09 minutes 

MG1655: 3994310..3995206
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_000913:3994310..3995206 source=MG1655 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

REL606

NC_012967: 3958124..3959020
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_012967:3958124..3959020 source=REL606 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

BW2952

NC_012759: 3883979..3884875
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_012759:3883979..3884875 source=BW2952 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

W3110

 

W3110: 3640394..3639498
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_007779:3639498..3640394 source=W3110 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

DH10B

DH10B: 4093230..4094126
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_010473:4093230..4094126 source=DH10B preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

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Notes

The xerC gene is part of a multicistronic unit, described in Colloms et al. (1990)[5].

Sequence Features

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See Help:Gene_sequence_features for help in entering sequence features in EcoliWiki.

Feature Type Strain Genomic Location Evidence Reference Notes

Coding Start (SO:0000323)

MG1655

3994310

Edman degradation

PMID:2254268


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Notes

Alleles and Phenotypes

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See Help:Gene_alleles for how to enter or edit alleles and phenotypes in EcoliWiki.

Allele Nt change(s) AA change(s) Phenotype: Type Phenotype: Description Reference Availability Comments

ΔxerC (Keio:JW3784)

deletion

deletion

PMID:16738554

Shigen

xerCR243Q

R243Q

Abolishes DNA cleavage activity

  • PMID:2974924
  • PMID:7729430

seeded from UniProt:P0A8P6

xerCY275F

Y275F

Abolishes DNA cleavage activity

  • PMID:2836392
  • PMID:7729430

seeded from UniProt:P0A8P6

xerCESS252NHG

ESS252NHG

Abolishes chromosomal recombination but not plasmid resolution

seeded from UniProt:P0A8P6

xerC2

Growth Phenotype

small colonies on broth-containing plates, slow recovery from stationary phase. Also, "xerC cells in exponential phase show a substantial, but variable # of filaments and an excess of nonfilamentous cells at the 2- cell stage."

PMID:1931824

Exponential growth rate in liquid broth culture showed day-to-day variation that varied from 80-100% of an otherwise isogenic xerC+ strain.

xerCY17

Growth Phenotype

small colonies on broth-containing plates, slow recovery from stationary phase. Also, "xerC cells in exponential phase show a substantial, but variable # of filaments and an excess of nonfilamentous cells at the 2- cell stage."

PMID:1931824

Exponential growth rate in liquid broth culture showed day-to-day variation that varied from 80-100% of an otherwise isogenic xerC+ strain.

xerC

Cell Shape

Filamentation- >15% of cells

PMID:15065657

xerC rarA

Cell Shape

Filamentation- >15% of cells

PMID:15065657

xerC1

resolution defective

PMID:2254268


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Notes

Genetic Interactions

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Interactor Interaction Allele Score(s) Reference(s) Accessions Notes
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Notes

Genetic Resources

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See Help:Gene_resources for help entering information into the Genetic Resources table.

Resource Resource Type Source Notes/Reference

JW3784

Plasmid clone

Shigen

PMID:16769691

Status:Clone OK

Primer 1:GCCACCGATTTACACACCGATGT

Primer 2:CCTTTCCCCCGTTTGGCGCGTGG

12G1

Kohara Phage

Genobase

PMID:3038334

ilvD500::Tn10

Linked marker

CAG18431 = CGSC7462[6]

est. P1 cotransduction: 17% [7]
Synonyms:ilv500::Tn10

metEo-3079::Tn10

Linked marker

CAG18491 = CGSC7464[6]

est. P1 cotransduction: 60% [7]
Synonyms:metE3079::Tn10 nnnThe Tn10 in CAG13491 is inserted in the metE regulatory region, but causes a Met- phenotype.

DS8029

Strain

AB1157xerC

PMID:10523315

GR51

Strain

AB1157xerC ftsK

PMID:10523315

DW1

Strain

AB1157recF lacIq lacPO-xerC recA938

PMID:10523315

RM40

Strain

AB1157recF lacIq lacPO-xerC

PMID:8168483

pSDC107

Plasmid Clone

XerC+ overexpressing plasmid CmR λdv replicon

PMID:1931824

pSDC105

Plasmid Clone

XerC+ overexpressing plasmid CmR p15a replicon

PMID:2254268

pLA125

Plasmid Clone

XerCR243Q overexpressing plasmid

PMID:8402918

pSDC104

Plasmid Clone

XerC+ overexpressing plasmid

PMID:2254268

pLA121

Plasmid Clone

XerCY275F overexpressing plasmid

PMID:8402918

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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG11069

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG11069

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120001058

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

NCBI (EcoliWiki Page)

GeneID:948355

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB1062

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0012448

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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Product(s)

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Nomenclature

See Help:Product_nomenclature for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Standard name

XerC

Synonyms

site-specific tyrosine recombinase[1], B3811[2][1], XerC[2][1] , ECK3806, JW3784, b3811

Product description

site-specific recombinase, acts on cer sequence of ColE1, effects chromosome segregation at cell division[2][3];

Component of Xer site-specific recombination system[3]

Tyrosine recombinase XerCD resolves chromosome dimers; site-specific[4]

EC number (for enzymes)


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Notes

XerC binds to the dif left half site[8].

Function

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<protect> Gene Ontology
See Help:Gene_ontology for help entering or editing GO terms and GO annotations in EcoliWiki.

Qualifier GO ID GO term name Reference Evidence Code with/from Aspect Notes Status

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR002104

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0042150

plasmid recombination

PMID:2254268

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR004107

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0009009

site-specific recombinase activity

PMID:2254268

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

F

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011010

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011931

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR013762

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0238

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

GOA:hamap
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

HAMAP:MF_01808

C

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0963

C

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

GO_REF:0000023

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_SL:SL-0086

C

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0006313

transposition, DNA-mediated

GOA:hamap
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

HAMAP:MF_01808

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0007049

cell cycle

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011931

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0007049

cell cycle

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0131

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0007059

chromosome segregation

GOA:hamap
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

HAMAP:MF_01808

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0007059

chromosome segregation

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011931

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0007059

chromosome segregation

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0159

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0009037

tyrosine-based site-specific recombinase activity

GOA:hamap
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

HAMAP:MF_01808

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0015074

DNA integration

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR002104

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0015074

DNA integration

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR004107

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0015074

DNA integration

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011931

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0015074

DNA integration

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR013762

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0015074

DNA integration

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0229

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0051301

cell division

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR011931

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0051301

cell division

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0132

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0009009

site-specific recombinase activity

PMID:11114887

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

with XerD and FtsK

complete

GO:0048476

Holliday junction resolvase complex

PMID:11114887

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

C

with XerD

complete

GO:0006276

plasmid maintenance

PMID:2254268

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

PMID:8402918

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

complete

GO:0009037

tyrosine-based site-specific recombinase activity

PMID:8402918

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

complete

GO:0006276

plasmid maintenance

PMID:8195072

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

complete

GO:0071139

resolution of recombination intermediates

PMID:7746851

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

P

complete

GO:0048476

Holliday junction resolvase complex

PMID:7746851

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

C

with XerD

complete

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Interactions See Help:Product_interactions for help entering or editing information about gene product interactions in this section of EcoliWiki.

Partner Type Partner Notes References Evidence

Protein

Subunits of Xer site-specific recombination system

could be indirect

Protein

pldA

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1146722

Protein

cysD

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1146722

Protein

prs

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1146722
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Notes

Localization

See Help:Product_localization for how to add or edit information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Compartment Description Evidence Reference/Source Notes
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Notes

Structure and Physical Properties

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<protect> Physical Properties See Help:Product_physical_properties for help entering or editing information about the physical properties of this gene product.

Name
Sequence

at EcoCyc 

MTDLHTDVER YLRYLSVERQ LSPITLLNYQ RQLEAIINFA SENGLQSWQQ CDVTMVRNFA
VRSRRKGLGA ASLALRLSAL RSFFDWLVSQ NELKANPAKG VSAPKAPRHL PKNIDVDDMN
RLLDIDINDP LAVRDRAMLE VMYGAGLRLS ELVGLDIKHL DLESGEVWVM GKGSKERRLP
IGRNAVAWIE HWLDLRDLFG SEDDALFLSK LGKRISARNV QKRFAEWGIK QGLNNHVHPH
KLRHSFATHM LESSGDLRGV QELLGHANLS TTQIYTHLDF QHLASVYDAA HPRAKRGK
Length

298

Mol. Wt

33.868 kDa

pI

9.8 (calculated)

Extinction coefficient

41,940 - 42,065 (calc based on 6 Y, 6 W, and 1 C residues)

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Domains/Motifs/Modification Sites

See Help:Product_domains_motifs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Type Residues Description Notes References

Domain

8..91

PF02899 Phage integrase, N-terminal SAM-like domain

PMID:19920124

Domain

112..282

PF00589 Phage integrase family

PMID:19920124

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<motif_map/>

Structure
See Help:Product_structure for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Structures

<beststructure> gene=xerC taxon=562,83333 </beststructure>

Models

View models at:

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Structure figures

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Notes

Mutants that are still able to bind recombination sites, but do not promote recombination at cer or in vivo plasmid resolution

  • Presumptive active site tyrosine nucleophile mutant = XerC275F[9][10]
  • Conserved Domain II Arginine implicated in DNA phosphodiester activation = XerCR243Q[11][10]

Gene Product Resources

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See Help:Product_resources for help with entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource type Source Notes/Reference
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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

NCBI (Protein) (EcoliWiki Page)

GI:16131663

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

NCBI (Protein) (EcoliWiki Page)

GeneID:948355

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0012448

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

UniProt (EcoliWiki Page)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P0A8P6

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG11069

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG11069

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

NCBI (Gene) (EcoliWiki Page)

GeneID:948355

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120001058

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB1062

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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Expression

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Overview

This is a placeholder for a summary statement on how expression of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.


Cellular Levels

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See Help:Cellular levels

Molecule Organism or Strain Value Units Experimental Conditions Assay used Notes Reference(s)

Protein

E. coli K-12 MG1655

393

molecules/cell/generation

  • Medium: MOPS Complete
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • *Growth phase:
  • OD:
  • other:

Ribosome Profiling

PMID: 24766808

Protein

E. coli K-12 MG1655

212

molecules/cell/generation

  • Medium: MOPS Minimal
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • *Growth phase:
  • OD:
  • other:

Ribosome Profiling

PMID: 24766808

Protein

E. coli K-12 MG1655

361

molecules/cell/generation

  • Medium: MOPS Complete without Methionine
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • *Growth phase:
  • OD:
  • other:

Ribosome Profiling

PMID: 24766808

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Notes

Transcription and Transcriptional Regulation

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<protect>

See Help:Expression_transcription for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Transcription unit(s)

yifL

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Figure courtesy of RegulonDB

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Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how transcription of this gene is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Translation and Regulation of Translation

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<protect><gbrowseImage> name=NC_000913:3994290..3994330 source=MG1655 type=Gene+DNA_+Protein preset=Nterminus </gbrowseImage> This picture shows the sequence around the N-terminus.

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Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how translation of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Turnover and Regulation of Turnover

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Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about turnover of this gene product. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Experimental

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<protect> Mutations Affecting Expression See Help:Expression_mutations for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Allele Name Mutation Phenotype Reference
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Expression Studies See Help:Expression_studies for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Type Reference Notes

microarray

GEO Profiles:b3811 (EcoliWiki Page)

NCBI GEO profiles for xerC

microarray

GenExpDB:b3811 (EcoliWiki Page)

Summary of data for xerC from multiple microarray studies

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Expression Resources See Help:Expression_resources for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource Name Resource Type Description Source Notes
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Notes

Accessions Related to xerC Expression

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG11069

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB1062

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoliGenExpDB (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoliGenExpDB:b3811

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG11069

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120001058

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0012448

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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Evolution

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Homologs in Other Organisms

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See Help:Evolution_homologs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Organism Homologs (Statistics) Comments

Anopheles gambiae

  • ENSANGP00000026953 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Apis mellifera

  • ENSAPMP00000025093 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Shigella flexneri

XERC

From SHIGELLACYC

E. coli O157

XERC

From ECOO157CYC

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Do-It-Yourself Web Tools

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Notes

Neilson et al. (1999) describes site-specific recombination at dif by H. influenzae XerC[12]. They conclude the HinXerC and HinXerD can interact with their E.coli counterparts.

Families

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

Pfam (EcoliWiki Page)

PF02899 Phage integrase, N-terminal SAM-like domain

Superfamily (EcoliWiki Page)

SUPERFAMILY:47823

Superfamily (EcoliWiki Page)

SUPERFAMILY:56349

Pfam (EcoliWiki Page)

PF00589 Phage integrase family

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG11069

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG11069

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120001058

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB1062

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0012448

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Member of the lambda integrase family of site-specific recombinases[5].

Links

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References

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See Help:References for how to manage references in EcoliWiki.

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Riley, M. et al. (2006) Nucleic Acids Res 34:1-6 (corrected supplemental data from B. Wanner)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 EcoCyc (release 10.6; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 EcoCyc (release 11.1; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 EcoGene: Rudd, KE (2000) EcoGene: a genome sequence database for Escherichia coli K-12. Nucleic Acids Res 28:60-4.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Colloms, SD et al. (1990) Recombination at ColE1 cer requires the Escherichia coli xerC gene product, a member of the lambda integrase family of site-specific recombinases. J. Bacteriol. 172 6973-80 PubMed
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 CGSC: The Coli Genetics Stock Center
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 The Tn10 insertion sites determined by Nichols et al. 1998 (PMID:9829956) were reannotated by alignment with E. coli K-12 genome sequence (GenBank accession NC_000913). P1 contransduction frequencies were calculated using the formula of Wu (PMID:5338813).
  8. ↑ Blakely, G et al. (1993) Two related recombinases are required for site-specific recombination at dif and cer in E. coli K12. Cell 75 351-61 PubMed
  9. ↑ Pargellis, CA et al. (1988) Suicide recombination substrates yield covalent lambda integrase-DNA complexes and lead to identification of the active site tyrosine. J. Biol. Chem. 263 7678-85 PubMed
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Leslie, NR & Sherratt, DJ (1995) Site-specific recombination in the replication terminus region of Escherichia coli: functional replacement of dif. EMBO J. 14 1561-70 PubMed
  11. ↑ Parsons, RL et al. (1988) Step-arrest mutants of FLP recombinase: implications for the catalytic mechanism of DNA recombination. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8 3303-10 PubMed
  12. ↑ Neilson, L et al. (1999) Site-specific recombination at dif by Haemophilus influenzae XerC. Mol. Microbiol. 31 915-26 PubMed

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