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Gene |

Product(s) |

Expression|

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Standard Name	galU
Gene Synonym(s)	ECK1231, b1236, JW1224, ychD, verA^[1], verA
Product Desc.	GalU^[2]^[3]; Component of UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase^[2]^[3] Glucose-1-P uridylyltransferase; also called UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase^[4]
Product Synonyms(s)	glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase^[1], B1236^[2]^[1], YchD^[2]^[1], GalU^[2]^[1] , ECK1231, JW1224, verA, ychD, b1236
Function from GO	<GO_nr />
Knock-Out Phenotype
Regulation/Expression	transcription unit(s): galU^[2]
Regulation/Activity
Quick Links
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Notes

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Gene

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Nomenclature

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See Help:Gene_nomenclature for help with entering information in the Gene Nomenclature table.

Standard name	galU
Mnemonic	Galactose
Synonyms	ECK1231, b1236, JW1224, ychD, verA^[1], verA
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Notes

Location(s) and DNA Sequence

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<protect> See Help:Gene_location for help entering information in the Gene Location and DNA sequence table.

Strain	Map location	Genome coordinates	Genome browsers	Sequence links
MG1655	27.82 minutes	MG1655: 1290680..1291588 <gbrowseImage> name=NC_000913:1290680..1291588 source=MG1655 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>	EcoCyc GBrowse(MG1655)	FASTA Dump EcoCyc Sequence Dump
REL606		NC_012967: 1291251..1292159 <gbrowseImage> name=NC_012967:1291251..1292159 source=REL606 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>	GBrowse (REL606)	FASTA Dump
BW2952		NC_012759: 1180178..1181086 <gbrowseImage> name=NC_012759:1180178..1181086 source=BW2952 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>	GBrowse (BW2952)	FASTA Dump
W3110		W3110: 1293034..1293942 <gbrowseImage> name=NC_007779:1293034..1293942 source=W3110 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>	GBrowse(W3110)	FASTA Dump
DH10B		DH10B: 1330921..1331829 <gbrowseImage> name=NC_010473:1330921..1331829 source=DH10B preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>	GBrowse(DH10B)	FASTA Dump
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Notes

Sequence Features

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See Help:Gene_sequence_features for help in entering sequence features in EcoliWiki.

Feature Type	Strain	Genomic Location	Evidence	Reference	Notes
Coding Start (SO:0000323)	MG1655	1290683	Edman degradation	PMID:7961613 PMID:8169209 PMID:9298646
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Notes

Alleles and Phenotypes

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See Help:Gene_alleles for how to enter or edit alleles and phenotypes in EcoliWiki.

Allele	Nt change(s)	AA change(s)	Phenotype: Type	Phenotype: Description	Reference	Availability	Comments
galU(del) (Keio:JW1224)	deletion	deletion			PMID:16738554	Shigen CGSC9110^[5]
galU51						CGSC:5226
galU65						CGSC:7342
galU106						CGSC:7925
galU95						CGSC:7942
galU50						CGSC:10034
galU43						CGSC:16267
galU536						CGSC:46657
galU745(del)::kan					PMID:16738554	CGSC:101090
galU in strain D21			Resistant to	ampicillin resistance	PMID:4945191	D21
galU (DEL)	deletion		Resistant to	resistant to Ampicillin up to 10 micrograms per milliliter.	PMID:4945191	Strain D21e8 Parent Strain D21	Table 1
galU (DEL)	deletion		Resistant to	resistant to up to 10 milligrams per milliliter of Sodium cholate	PMID:4945191	Strain D21e8 Parent Strain D21	Table 1
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Notes

Genetic Interactions

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Interactor	Interaction	Allele	Score(s)	Reference(s)	Accessions	Notes
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Notes

Genetic Resources

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See Help:Gene_resources for help entering information into the Genetic Resources table.

Resource	Resource Type	Source	Notes/Reference
JW1224	Plasmid clone	Shigen	PMID:16769691 Status:Clone OK Primer 1:GCCGCTGCCATTAATACGAAAGT Primer 2:CCCTTCTTAATGCCCATCTCTTC
12H9	Kohara Phage	Genobase	PMID:3038334
4D8	Kohara Phage	Genobase	PMID:3038334
3D5	Kohara Phage	Genobase	PMID:3038334
fadR13::Tn10	Linked marker	CAG18497 = CGSC7365^[5]	est. P1 cotransduction: 6% ^[6]
oppC506::Tn10	Linked marker	CAG12169 = CGSC7369^[5]	est. P1 cotransduction: 63% ^[6] Synonyms:zch-506::Tn10, zci-506::Tn10
W4597	Strain	has no UDPG phosphorylase (Table 1)	PMID:4580555
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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database	Accession	Notes
EcoCyc	EcoCyc:EG11319	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EcoGene	EcoGene:EG11319	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
RegulonDB	RegulonDB:ECK120001290	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
NCBI (EcoliWiki Page)	GeneID:945730	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EchoBASE	EchoBASE:EB1295	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
ASAP	ASAP:ABE-0004150	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
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Notes

Links

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Name	URL	Comments
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Product(s)

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Nomenclature

See Help:Product_nomenclature for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Standard name	GalU
Synonyms	glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase^[1], B1236^[2]^[1], YchD^[2]^[1], GalU^[2]^[1] , ECK1231, JW1224, verA, ychD, b1236
Product description	GalU^[2]^[3]; Component of UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase^[2]^[3] Glucose-1-P uridylyltransferase; also called UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase^[4]
EC number (for enzymes)	2.7.7.9^[1]
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Notes

Function

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<protect> Gene Ontology
See Help:Gene_ontology for help entering or editing GO terms and GO annotations in EcoliWiki.

Qualifier	GO ID	GO term name	Reference	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Notes	Status
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm				C	Seeded from Riley et al 2006 ^[1].	Missing: evidence, reference
	GO:0000287	magnesium ion binding	GOA:spkw SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0460	F	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0003983	UTP:glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase activity	GOA:interpro GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005771	F	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0003983	UTP:glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase activity	GOA:spec GO_REF:0000003	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	EC:2.7.7.9	F	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0005829	cytosol	PMID:16858726	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		C	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0006011	UDP-glucose metabolic process	GOA:interpro GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005771	P	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0009058	biosynthetic process	GOA:interpro GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005835	P	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0016740	transferase activity	GOA:spkw SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0808	F	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0016779	nucleotidyltransferase activity	GOA:interpro GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR005835	F	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0016779	nucleotidyltransferase activity	GOA:spkw SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0548	F	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0006011	UDP-glucose metabolic process	PMID:8169209	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype		P		complete
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Interactions See Help:Product_interactions for help entering or editing information about gene product interactions in this section of EcoliWiki.

Partner Type	Partner	Notes	References	Evidence
Protein	Subunits of UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase	could be indirect
Protein	purU		PMID:16606699	Experiment(s):EBI-1139268
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Notes

Localization

See Help:Product_localization for how to add or edit information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Compartment	Description	Evidence	Reference/Source	Notes
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Notes

Structure and Physical Properties

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<protect> Physical Properties See Help:Product_physical_properties for help entering or editing information about the physical properties of this gene product.

Name
Sequence	at EcoCyc MAAINTKVKK AVIPVAGLGT RMLPATKAIP KEMLPLVDKP LIQYVVNECI AAGITEIVLV THSSKNSIEN HFDTSFELEA MLEKRVKRQL LDEVQSICPP HVTIMQVRQG LAKGLGHAVL CAHPVVGDEP VAVILPDVIL DEYESDLSQD NLAEMIRRFD ETGHSQIMVE PVADVTAYGV VDCKGVELAP GESVPMVGVV EKPKADVAPS NLAIVGRYVL SADIWPLLAK TPPGAGDEIQ LTDAIDMLIE KETVEAYHMK GKSHDCGNKL GYMQAFVEYG IRHNTLGTEF KAWLEEEMGI KK
Length	302
Mol. Wt	32.941 kDa
pI	4.9 (calculated)
Extinction coefficient	21,430 - 22,055 (calc based on 7 Y, 2 W, and 5 C residues)
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Domains/Motifs/Modification Sites

See Help:Product_domains_motifs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Type	Residues	Description	Notes	References
Initiator Methionine	1	Removed	UniProt:P0AEP3
Domain	10..280	PF00483 Nucleotidyl transferase		PMID:19920124
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<motif_map/>

Structure
See Help:Product_structure for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Structures

<beststructure> gene=galU taxon=562,83333 </beststructure>

Models

View models at:

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</protect>

Structure figures

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Notes

Gene Product Resources

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See Help:Product_resources for help with entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource type	Source	Notes/Reference
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Notes

Reference for UDPG pyrophosphorylase assay ^[7]

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database	Accession	Notes
NCBI (Protein) (EcoliWiki Page)	GI:16129197	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
NCBI (Protein) (EcoliWiki Page)	GeneID:945730	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
ASAP	ASAP:ABE-0004150	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
UniProt (EcoliWiki Page)	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P0AEP3	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EcoCyc	EcoCyc:EG11319	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EcoGene	EcoGene:EG11319	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
NCBI (Gene) (EcoliWiki Page)	GeneID:945730	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
RegulonDB	RegulonDB:ECK120001290	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EchoBASE	EchoBASE:EB1295	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
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Notes

Links

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Name	URL	Comments
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Expression

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Overview

This is a placeholder for a summary statement on how expression of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Cellular Levels

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See Help:Cellular levels

Molecule	Organism or Strain	Value	Units	Experimental Conditions	Assay used	Notes	Reference(s)
Protein	E. coli K-12 MC4100	1.17E+03	molecules/cell	Medium: median data from rich and minimal media Temperature (°C): 37 Doubling time (min): Growth Rate(min): Growth phase: other:	emPAI		PMID:18304323
Protein	E. coli K-12 EMG2	120	molecules/cell	Medium: MOPS glucose minimal Temperature (°C): 37 Doubling time (min): Growth phase: Exponential OD: OD600 = 0.2 to 0.25 other: aerated	Quantitative protein sequencing	Spot ID: M!Ol-1	PMID: 9298646
Protein	E. coli K-12 EMG2	140	molecules/cell	Medium: MOPS glucose minimal Temperature (°C): 37 Doubling time (min): Growth phase: Exponential OD: OD600 = 0.2 to 0.25 other: aerated	Quantitative protein sequencing	Spot ID: M!Ol-2	PMID: 9298646
Protein	E. coli K-12 EMG2	260	molecules/cell	Medium: MOPS glucose minimal Temperature (°C): 37 Doubling time (min): Growth phase: Exponential OD: OD600 = 0.2 to 0.25 other: aerated	Quantitative protein sequencing	Spot ID: M109-l	PMID: 9298646
Protein	E. coli K-12 MG1655	10550	molecules/cell/generation	Medium: MOPS Complete Temperature (°C): 37 Doubling time (min): *Growth phase: OD: other:	Ribosome Profiling		PMID: 24766808
Protein	E. coli K-12 MG1655	2932	molecules/cell/generation	Medium: MOPS Minimal Temperature (°C): 37 Doubling time (min): *Growth phase: OD: other:	Ribosome Profiling		PMID: 24766808
Protein	E. coli K-12 MG1655	7134	molecules/cell/generation	Medium: MOPS Complete without Methionine Temperature (°C): 37 Doubling time (min): *Growth phase: OD: other:	Ribosome Profiling		PMID: 24766808
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Notes

Transcription and Transcriptional Regulation

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See Help:Expression_transcription for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Transcription unit(s)
galU
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Figure courtesy of RegulonDB

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Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how transcription of this gene is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Translation and Regulation of Translation

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<protect><gbrowseImage> name=NC_000913:1290660..1290700 source=MG1655 type=Gene+DNA_+Protein preset=Nterminus </gbrowseImage> This picture shows the sequence around the N-terminus.

</protect>

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how translation of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Turnover and Regulation of Turnover

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Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about turnover of this gene product. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Experimental

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<protect> Mutations Affecting Expression See Help:Expression_mutations for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Allele Name	Mutation	Phenotype	Reference
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Expression Studies See Help:Expression_studies for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Type	Reference	Notes
microarray	GEO Profiles:b1236 (EcoliWiki Page)	NCBI GEO profiles for galU
microarray	GenExpDB:b1236 (EcoliWiki Page)	Summary of data for galU from multiple microarray studies
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Expression Resources See Help:Expression_resources for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource Name	Resource Type	Description	Source	Notes
	GFP Fusion	Intergenic region (1290391..1290723) fused to gfpmut2.	OpenBioSystems	GFP fusion described in Zaslaver, et al. Plate:109-AZ03; Well:D2^[8]
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Notes

Accessions Related to galU Expression

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database	Accession	Notes
EcoCyc	EcoCyc:EG11319	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EchoBASE	EchoBASE:EB1295	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EcoliGenExpDB (EcoliWiki Page)	EcoliGenExpDB:b1236
EcoGene	EcoGene:EG11319	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
RegulonDB	RegulonDB:ECK120001290	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
ASAP	ASAP:ABE-0004150	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
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Notes

Links

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Name	URL	Comments
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Evolution

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Homologs in Other Organisms

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See Help:Evolution_homologs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Organism	Homologs (Statistics)	Comments
Apis mellifera	ENSAPMP00000034883 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Arabidopsis thaliana	AT3G55590 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) AT2G39770 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) AT4G30570 (score: 0.662) AT2G04650 (score: 0.194) AT1G74910 (score: 0.194)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Homo sapiens	ENSP00000309092 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) ENSP00000315925 (score: 0.182)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Macaca mulatta	ENSMMUP00000019150 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) ENSMMUP00000023579 (score: 0.131)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Mus musculus	MGI:2660880 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) MGI:1916330 (score: 0.200)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Pan troglodytes	ENSPTRP00000025774 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) ENSPTRP00000022137 (score: 0.147)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Shigella flexneri	GALU	From SHIGELLACYC
E. coli O157	GALU	From ECOO157CYC
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Do-It-Yourself Web Tools

Notes

Families

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database	Accession	Notes
Pfam (EcoliWiki Page)	PF00483 Nucleotidyl transferase
Panther (EcoliWiki Page)	PTHR22572:SF14
Superfamily (EcoliWiki Page)	SUPERFAMILY:53448
EcoCyc	EcoCyc:EG11319	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EcoGene	EcoGene:EG11319	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
RegulonDB	RegulonDB:ECK120001290	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EchoBASE	EchoBASE:EB1295	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
ASAP	ASAP:ABE-0004150	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
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Notes

Links

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Name	URL	Comments
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References

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See Help:References for how to manage references in EcoliWiki.

↑ ^1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 ^1.11 Riley, M. et al. (2006) Nucleic Acids Res 34:1-6 (corrected supplemental data from B. Wanner)
↑ ^2.00 ^2.01 ^2.02 ^2.03 ^2.04 ^2.05 ^2.06 ^2.07 ^2.08 ^2.09 ^2.10 EcoCyc (release 10.6; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 EcoCyc (release 11.1; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 EcoGene: Rudd, KE (2000) EcoGene: a genome sequence database for Escherichia coli K-12. Nucleic Acids Res 28:60-4.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 CGSC: The Coli Genetics Stock Center
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 The Tn10 insertion sites determined by Nichols et al. 1998 (PMID:9829956) were reannotated by alignment with E. coli K-12 genome sequence (GenBank accession NC_000913). P1 contransduction frequencies were calculated using the formula of Wu (PMID:5338813).
↑ Lieberman, MM et al. (1970) Derepression of GDP-alpha-mannose and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylases by a regulator gene mutation; episomal dominance in partial diploids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 65 625-32 PubMed
↑ Zaslaver, A et al. (2006) A comprehensive library of fluorescent transcriptional reporters for Escherichia coli. Nat. Methods 3 623-8 PubMed

galU:On One Page

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Notes

Gene

Nomenclature

Notes

Location(s) and DNA Sequence

Notes

Sequence Features

Notes

Alleles and Phenotypes

Notes

Genetic Interactions

Notes

Genetic Resources

Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

Notes

Links

Product(s)

Nomenclature

Notes

Function

Notes

Localization

Notes

Structure and Physical Properties

Structure figures

Notes

Gene Product Resources

Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

Notes

Links

Expression

Overview

Cellular Levels

Notes

Transcription and Transcriptional Regulation

Notes

Translation and Regulation of Translation

Notes

Turnover and Regulation of Turnover

Notes

Experimental

Notes

Accessions Related to galU Expression

Notes

Links

Evolution

Homologs in Other Organisms

Do-It-Yourself Web Tools

Notes

Families

Notes

Links

References

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