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On One Page

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Gene |

Product(s) |

Expression|

Evolution |

References |

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Standard Name	folA
Gene Synonym(s)	ECK0049, b0048, JW0047, tmrA, tmr^[1]
Product Desc.	dihydrofolate reductase^[2]^[3] Dihydrofolate reductase; trimethoprim resistance^[4]
Product Synonyms(s)	dihydrofolate reductase^[1], B0048^[2]^[1], Tmr^[2]^[1], TmrA^[2]^[1], FolA^[2]^[1] , ECK0049, JW0047, tmrA, b0048
Function from GO	<GO_nr />
Knock-Out Phenotype
Regulation/Expression	transcription unit(s): folA^[2]
Regulation/Activity
Quick Links
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Notes

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folA is an essential gene. TyrR regulon.^[4]

Gene

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Nomenclature

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See Help:Gene_nomenclature for help with entering information in the Gene Nomenclature table.

Standard name	folA
Mnemonic	Folate
Synonyms	ECK0049, b0048, JW0047, tmrA, tmr^[1]
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Notes

Location(s) and DNA Sequence

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<protect> See Help:Gene_location for help entering information in the Gene Location and DNA sequence table.

Strain	Map location	Genome coordinates	Genome browsers	Sequence links
MG1655	1.07 minutes	MG1655: 49823..50302 <gbrowseImage> name=NC_000913:49823..50302 source=MG1655 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>	EcoCyc GBrowse(MG1655)	FASTA Dump EcoCyc Sequence Dump
REL606		NC_012967: 54018..54497 <gbrowseImage> name=NC_012967:54018..54497 source=REL606 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>	GBrowse (REL606)	FASTA Dump
BW2952		NC_012759: 49823..50302 <gbrowseImage> name=NC_012759:49823..50302 source=BW2952 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>	GBrowse (BW2952)	FASTA Dump
W3110		W3110: 49823..50302 <gbrowseImage> name=NC_007779:49823..50302 source=W3110 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>	GBrowse(W3110)	FASTA Dump
DH10B		DH10B: 49823..50302 <gbrowseImage> name=NC_010473:49823..50302 source=DH10B preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>	GBrowse(DH10B)	FASTA Dump
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</protect>

Notes

Sequence Features

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See Help:Gene_sequence_features for help in entering sequence features in EcoliWiki.

Feature Type	Strain	Genomic Location	Evidence	Reference	Notes
Coding Start (SO:0000323)	MG1655	49823	Edman degradation	PMID:350268 PMID:4610415
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Notes

Alleles and Phenotypes

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See Help:Gene_alleles for how to enter or edit alleles and phenotypes in EcoliWiki.

Allele	AA change(s)	Phenotype: Type	Phenotype: Description	Reference	Availability	Comments
folAL28R	L28R		(in strain: B[RT500] isozyme 2)			Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0ABQ4
folAW30G	W30G		(in strain: 1810)			Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0ABQ4
folAE154K	E154K		(in strain: B[MB1428])			Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0ABQ4
folAE154Q	E154Q		(in strain: 1810)			Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0ABQ4
ΔfolA207::kan				PMID:3290203	CGSC:79051
ΔfolA201::kan					CGSC:39881
fol 50		Resistant to	Resistance to Trimethoprim	PMID:785230	Strain: RS22	See figure 2A from parental strain D1
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Notes

Genetic Interactions

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Interactor	Interaction	Allele	Score(s)	Reference(s)	Accessions	Notes
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Notes

Genetic Resources

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See Help:Gene_resources for help entering information into the Genetic Resources table.

Resource	Resource Type	Source	Notes/Reference
JW0047	Plasmid clone	Shigen	PMID:16769691 Status:Clone OK Primer 1:GCCATCAGTCTGATTGCGGCGTT Primer 2:CCCCGCCGCTCCAGAATCTCAAA
2F7	Kohara Phage	Genobase	PMID:3038334
4A3	Kohara Phage	Genobase	PMID:3038334
carB96::Tn10	Linked marker	CAG12093 = CGSC7322^[5]	est. P1 cotransduction: 54% ^[6] Synonyms:car-96::Tn10
leuO3051::Tn10	Linked marker	CAG12095 = CGSC7324^[5]	est. P1 cotransduction: 26% ^[6] Synonyms:zab-3051::Tn10 nnnThe start of leuO was reannotated by Riley et al. (2006).
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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database	Accession	Notes
EcoCyc	EcoCyc:EG10326	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EcoGene	EcoGene:EG10326	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
RegulonDB	RegulonDB:ECK120000320	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
NCBI (EcoliWiki Page)	GeneID:944790	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EchoBASE	EchoBASE:EB0322	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
ASAP	ASAP:ABE-0000164	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
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Notes

Links

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Name	URL	Comments
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Product(s)

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Nomenclature

See Help:Product_nomenclature for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Standard name	FolA
Synonyms	dihydrofolate reductase^[1], B0048^[2]^[1], Tmr^[2]^[1], TmrA^[2]^[1], FolA^[2]^[1] , ECK0049, JW0047, tmrA, b0048
Product description	dihydrofolate reductase^[2]^[3] Dihydrofolate reductase; trimethoprim resistance^[4]
EC number (for enzymes)	1.5.1.3^[1]
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Notes

Function

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<protect> Gene Ontology
See Help:Gene_ontology for help entering or editing GO terms and GO annotations in EcoliWiki.

Qualifier	GO ID	GO term name	Reference	Evidence Code	with/from	Aspect	Notes	Status
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm				C	Seeded from Riley et al 2006 ^[1].	Missing: evidence, reference
	GO:0004146	dihydrofolate reductase activity	GOA:interpro GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR001796	F	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0004146	dihydrofolate reductase activity	GOA:interpro GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR012259	F	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0042493	response to drug	PMID:6444603	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay		P	Trimethoprim	complete
	GO:0004146	dihydrofolate reductase activity	GOA:spec GO_REF:0000003	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	EC:1.5.1.3	F	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0006545	glycine biosynthetic process	GOA:interpro GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR001796	P	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0006545	glycine biosynthetic process	GOA:interpro GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR012259	P	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0006730	one-carbon metabolic process	GOA:spkw SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0554	P	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0009165	nucleotide biosynthetic process	GOA:interpro GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR001796	P	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0009165	nucleotide biosynthetic process	GOA:interpro GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR012259	P	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	GOA:spkw SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0560	F	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0031427	response to methotrexate	GOA:spkw SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0487	P	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0046677	response to antibiotic	GOA:spkw SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0046	P	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0046677	response to antibiotic	GOA:spkw SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0817	P	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0050661	NADP or NADPH binding	GOA:interpro GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR012259	F	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0055114	oxidation reduction	GOA:interpro GO_REF:0000002	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	InterPro:IPR012259	P	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
	GO:0055114	oxidation reduction	GOA:spkw SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation	SP_KW:KW-0560	P	Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)	complete
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Interactions See Help:Product_interactions for help entering or editing information about gene product interactions in this section of EcoliWiki.

Partner Type	Partner	References	Evidence
Protein	lrp	PMID:16606699	Experiment(s):EBI-1135444
Protein	sdhA	PMID:16606699	Experiment(s):EBI-1135444
Protein	yeaG	PMID:16606699	Experiment(s):EBI-1135444
Protein	thrS	PMID:16606699	Experiment(s):EBI-1135444
Protein	mdoB	PMID:15690043	Experiment(s):EBI-891656
Protein	proS	PMID:15690043	Experiment(s):EBI-891656
Protein	rplM	PMID:15690043	Experiment(s):EBI-891656
Protein	ybhC	PMID:15690043	Experiment(s):EBI-891656
Protein	ssuD	PMID:15690043	Experiment(s):EBI-891656
Protein	hsrA	PMID:15690043	Experiment(s):EBI-891656
Protein	proS	PMID:19402753	LCMS(ID Probability):99.0
Protein	ybhC	PMID:19402753	LCMS(ID Probability):99.0
Protein	ssuD	PMID:19402753	LCMS(ID Probability):99.0
Protein	opgB	PMID:19402753	LCMS(ID Probability):99.0
Protein	hsrA	PMID:19402753	LCMS(ID Probability):99.0
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Notes

Localization

See Help:Product_localization for how to add or edit information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Compartment	Description	Evidence	Reference/Source	Notes
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Notes

Structure and Physical Properties

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<protect> Physical Properties See Help:Product_physical_properties for help entering or editing information about the physical properties of this gene product.

Name
Sequence	at EcoCyc MISLIAALAV DRVIGMENAM PWNLPADLAW FKRNTLNKPV IMGRHTWESI GRPLPGRKNI ILSSQPGTDD RVTWVKSVDE AIAACGDVPE IMVIGGGRVY EQFLPKAQKL YLTHIDAEVE GDTHFPDYEP DDWESVFSEF HDADAQNSHS YCFEILERR
Length	159
Mol. Wt	17.999 kDa
pI	4.7 (calculated)
Extinction coefficient	33,460 - 33,710 (calc based on 4 Y, 5 W, and 2 C residues)
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Domains/Motifs/Modification Sites

See Help:Product_domains_motifs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Type	Residues	Description	Notes	References
Domain	1..158	PF00186 Dihydrofolate reductase		PMID:19920124
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<motif_map/>

Structure
See Help:Product_structure for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Structures

<beststructure> gene=folA taxon=562,83333 </beststructure>

Models

View models at:

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</protect>

Structure figures

See Help:Jmol in EcoliWiki

E. coli DHFR
<jmol> <jmolApplet> <color>white</color> <uploadedFileContents > 1DDS.pdb </uploadedFileContents> <name></name> <script> wireframe off; spacefill off; trace off; rotate ON; cartoon; color chain; </script> </jmolApplet> </jmol>
<jmol> <jmolCheckbox > <scriptWhenChecked > rotate on; </scriptWhenChecked > <scriptWhenUnchecked > rotate off; </scriptWhenUnchecked > <checked>true</checked> <text>rotate</text> </jmolCheckbox > <jmolButton><script>reset; </script><text>reset</text></jmolButton> </jmol>

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Notes

Gene Product Resources

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See Help:Product_resources for help with entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource type	Source	Notes/Reference
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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database	Accession	Notes
NCBI (Protein) (EcoliWiki Page)	GI:16128042	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
ASAP	ASAP:ABE-0000164	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
UniProt (EcoliWiki Page)	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P0ABQ4	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EcoCyc	EcoCyc:EG10326	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EcoGene	EcoGene:EG10326	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
NCBI (Gene) (EcoliWiki Page)	GeneID:944790	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
NCBI (Protein) (EcoliWiki Page)	GeneID:944790	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
RegulonDB	RegulonDB:ECK120000320	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EchoBASE	EchoBASE:EB0322	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
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Notes

Links

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Name	URL	Comments
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Expression

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Overview

This is a placeholder for a summary statement on how expression of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Cellular Levels

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See Help:Cellular levels

Molecule	Organism or Strain	Value	Units	Experimental Conditions	Assay used	Notes	Reference(s)
Protein	Ecoli K-12	37.932+/-0.24	Molecules/cell	Medium: Temperature (°C): Doubling time (min): Growth Rate(min): * Growth phase: other: *		Single Molecule Fluorescence	PMID:20671182
mRNA	Ecoli K-12	0.03131524	Molecules/cell	Medium: Temperature (°C): Doubling time (min): Growth Rate(min): * Growth phase: other: *		by RNA_Seq	PMID:20671182
Protein	E. coli K-12 MG1655	2515	molecules/cell/generation	Medium: MOPS Complete Temperature (°C): 37 Doubling time (min): *Growth phase: OD: other:	Ribosome Profiling		PMID: 24766808
Protein	E. coli K-12 MG1655	398	molecules/cell/generation	Medium: MOPS Minimal Temperature (°C): 37 Doubling time (min): *Growth phase: OD: other:	Ribosome Profiling		PMID: 24766808
Protein	E. coli K-12 MG1655	1094	molecules/cell/generation	Medium: MOPS Complete without Methionine Temperature (°C): 37 Doubling time (min): *Growth phase: OD: other:	Ribosome Profiling		PMID: 24766808
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Notes

Transcription and Transcriptional Regulation

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See Help:Expression_transcription for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Transcription unit(s)
folA
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Figure courtesy of RegulonDB

</protect>

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how transcription of this gene is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Translation and Regulation of Translation

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<protect><gbrowseImage> name=NC_000913:49803..49843 source=MG1655 type=Gene+DNA_+Protein preset=Nterminus </gbrowseImage> This picture shows the sequence around the N-terminus.

</protect>

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how translation of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Turnover and Regulation of Turnover

</protect>

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about turnover of this gene product. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Experimental

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<protect> Mutations Affecting Expression See Help:Expression_mutations for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Allele Name	Mutation	Phenotype	Reference
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Expression Studies See Help:Expression_studies for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Type	Reference	Notes
microarray	GEO Profiles:b0048 (EcoliWiki Page)	NCBI GEO profiles for folA
microarray	GenExpDB:b0048 (EcoliWiki Page)	Summary of data for folA from multiple microarray studies
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Expression Resources See Help:Expression_resources for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource Name	Resource Type	Description	Source	Notes
	GFP Fusion	Intergenic region (49562..49899) fused to gfpmut2.	OpenBioSystems	GFP fusion described in Zaslaver, et al. Plate:109-AZ07; Well:E11^[7]
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Notes

Accessions Related to folA Expression

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database	Accession	Notes
EcoCyc	EcoCyc:EG10326	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EchoBASE	EchoBASE:EB0322	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EcoliGenExpDB (EcoliWiki Page)	EcoliGenExpDB:b0048
EcoGene	EcoGene:EG10326	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
RegulonDB	RegulonDB:ECK120000320	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
ASAP	ASAP:ABE-0000164	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
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Notes

Links

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Name	URL	Comments
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Evolution

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Homologs in Other Organisms

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See Help:Evolution_homologs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Organism	Homologs (Statistics)	Comments
Anopheles gambiae	ENSANGP00000000349 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 74%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Apis mellifera	ENSAPMP00000029347 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Caenorhabditis briggsae	WBGene00033316 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Caenorhabditis elegans	WBGene00007974 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Canis familiaris	ENSCAFP00000005901 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) ENSCAFP00000012960 (score: 0.813)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Ciona intestinalis	ENSCINP00000005566 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Danio rerio	ZDB-GENE-010406-5 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) ZDB-CDNA-040625-31 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Dictyostelium discoideum	DDB0230113 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Drosophila melanogaster	FBgn0004087 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Drosophila pseudoobscura	GA13324-PA (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Gallus gallus	ENSGALP00000025076 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Homo sapiens	ENSP00000343033 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) ENSP00000302637 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) ENSP00000319170 (score: 0.882)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Macaca mulatta	ENSMMUP00000012897 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) ENSMMUP00000024036 (score: 0.539)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Mus musculus	MGI:94890 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Pan troglodytes	ENSPTRP00000029175 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) ENSPTRP00000026122 (score: 0.602)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Rattus norvegicus	ENSRNOP00000018259 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Saccharomyces cerevisiae	YOR236W (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Takifugu rubripes	NEWSINFRUP00000135205 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) NEWSINFRUP00000134686 (score: 0.166)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Tetraodon nigroviridis	GSTENP00007900001 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%) GSTENP00015908001 (score: 0.140)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Xenopus tropicalis	ENSXETP00000049617 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)	From Inparanoid:20070104
Shigella flexneri	FOLA	From SHIGELLACYC
E. coli O157	Z0055	From ECOO157CYC
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Do-It-Yourself Web Tools

Notes

Families

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database	Accession	Notes
Pfam (EcoliWiki Page)	PF00186 Dihydrofolate reductase
Panther (EcoliWiki Page)	PTHR11549:SF1
Superfamily (EcoliWiki Page)	SUPERFAMILY:53597
EcoCyc	EcoCyc:EG10326	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EcoGene	EcoGene:EG10326	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
RegulonDB	RegulonDB:ECK120000320	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
EchoBASE	EchoBASE:EB0322	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
ASAP	ASAP:ABE-0000164	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
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Notes

Links

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Name	URL	Comments
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References

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See Help:References for how to manage references in EcoliWiki.

↑ ^1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 ^1.11 ^1.12 ^1.13 Riley, M. et al. (2006) Nucleic Acids Res 34:1-6 (corrected supplemental data from B. Wanner)
↑ ^2.00 ^2.01 ^2.02 ^2.03 ^2.04 ^2.05 ^2.06 ^2.07 ^2.08 ^2.09 ^2.10 EcoCyc (release 10.6; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 EcoCyc (release 11.1; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 EcoGene: Rudd, KE (2000) EcoGene: a genome sequence database for Escherichia coli K-12. Nucleic Acids Res 28:60-4.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 CGSC: The Coli Genetics Stock Center
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 The Tn10 insertion sites determined by Nichols et al. 1998 (PMID:9829956) were reannotated by alignment with E. coli K-12 genome sequence (GenBank accession NC_000913). P1 contransduction frequencies were calculated using the formula of Wu (PMID:5338813).
↑ Zaslaver, A et al. (2006) A comprehensive library of fluorescent transcriptional reporters for Escherichia coli. Nat. Methods 3 623-8 PubMed

folA:On One Page

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Notes

Gene

Nomenclature

Notes

Location(s) and DNA Sequence

Notes

Sequence Features

Notes

Alleles and Phenotypes

Notes

Genetic Interactions

Notes

Genetic Resources

Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

Notes

Links

Product(s)

Nomenclature

Notes

Function

Notes

Localization

Notes

Structure and Physical Properties

Structure figures

Notes

Gene Product Resources

Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

Notes

Links

Expression

Overview

Cellular Levels

Notes

Transcription and Transcriptional Regulation

Notes

Translation and Regulation of Translation

Notes

Turnover and Regulation of Turnover

Notes

Experimental

Notes

Accessions Related to folA Expression

Notes

Links

Evolution

Homologs in Other Organisms

Do-It-Yourself Web Tools

Notes

Families

Notes

Links

References

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