cspA:On One Page
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Quickview | Gene | Gene Product(s) | Expression | Evolution | On One Page |
Quickview | | Gene | | Product(s) | | Expression| | Evolution | | References | |
Quickview
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Standard Name |
cspA |
---|---|
Gene Synonym(s) |
ECK3543, b3556, JW3525[1], JW3525 |
Product Desc. |
CspA transcriptional activator[2][3] Cold-inducible RNA chaperone and anti-terminator; aids gene expression at low temperature; cold shock protein CS7.4; binds ssRNA and ssDNA[4] |
Product Synonyms(s) |
major cold shock protein[1], B3556[2][1], CspA[2][1], major cold shock protein 7.4[2][1], CS7.4[2][1], F10.6[2][1], cold shock protein CspA[2][1] , ECK3543, JW3525, b3556 |
Function from GO |
<GO_nr /> |
Knock-Out Phenotype | |
Regulation/Expression | |
Regulation/Activity | |
Quick Links | |
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</protect> See Help:Quickview for help with entering information in the Quickview table. <protect></protect>
Notes
The cspABEG deletion BX04 is cold-sensitive and forms filaments at 15C (Xia, 2001). A cspA deletion grows slow below 8C (as enabled by transgenic Oleispira antarctica Cpn10/60). CspA is similar to Y-box DNA binding proteins of eukaryotes. Mutant has increased aggregation. Binds TrxA (Kumar, 2004).[4]
Gene
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Nomenclature
See Help:Gene_nomenclature for help with entering information in the Gene Nomenclature table.
Standard name |
cspA |
---|---|
Mnemonic |
Cold shock protein |
Synonyms |
ECK3543, b3556, JW3525[1], JW3525 |
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Notes
Location(s) and DNA Sequence
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See Help:Gene_location for help entering information in the Gene Location and DNA sequence table.
Strain | Map location | Genome coordinates | Genome browsers | Sequence links |
---|---|---|---|---|
MG1655 |
80.14 minutes |
MG1655: 3718072..3718284 |
||
NC_012967: 3650507..3650719 |
||||
NC_012759: 3606398..3606610 |
||||
W3110 |
|
W3110: 3920366..3920154 |
||
DH10B: 3815649..3815861 |
||||
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Notes
Sequence Features
See Help:Gene_sequence_features for help in entering sequence features in EcoliWiki.
Feature Type | Strain | Genomic Location | Evidence | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coding Start (SO:0000323) |
3718075 |
Edman degradation |
PMID:2404279 |
| |
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Notes
Alleles and Phenotypes
See Help:Gene_alleles for how to enter or edit alleles and phenotypes in EcoliWiki.
Allele | Nt change(s) | AA change(s) | Phenotype: Type | Phenotype: Description | Reference | Availability | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔcspA (Keio:JW3525) |
deletion |
deletion |
PMID:16738554 |
||||
cspA::Tn5KAN-I-SceI (FB21279) |
Insertion at nt 99 in Plus orientation |
PMID:15262929 |
does not contain pKD46 | ||||
cspA::Tn5KAN-I-SceI (FB21280) |
Insertion at nt 99 in Plus orientation |
PMID:15262929 |
contains pKD46 | ||||
ΔcspA740::kan |
PMID:16738554 |
| |||||
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Notes
Genetic Interactions
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Interactor | Interaction | Allele | Score(s) | Reference(s) | Accessions | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Notes
Genetic Resources
See Help:Gene_resources for help entering information into the Genetic Resources table.
Resource | Resource Type | Source | Notes/Reference |
---|---|---|---|
JW3525 |
Plasmid clone |
PMID:16769691 Status:Clone OK Primer 1:GCCTCCGGTAAAATGACTGGTAT Primer 2:CCaAGGCTGGTTACGTTACCAGC | |
Kohara Phage |
PMID:3038334 | ||
zhg-50::Tn10 |
Linked marker |
est. P1 cotransduction: % [6] | |
zic-4901::Tn10 |
Linked marker |
est. P1 cotransduction: % [6] | |
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Notes
Accessions in Other Databases
See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.
Database | Accession | Notes |
---|---|---|
EcoCyc:EG10166 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
EcoGene:EG10166 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
RegulonDB:ECK120000162 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | ||
EchoBASE:EB0164 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
ASAP:ABE-0011616 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
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Notes
Links
Name | URL | Comments |
---|---|---|
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Product(s)
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Nomenclature
See Help:Product_nomenclature for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.
Standard name |
CspA |
---|---|
Synonyms |
major cold shock protein[1], B3556[2][1], CspA[2][1], major cold shock protein 7.4[2][1], CS7.4[2][1], F10.6[2][1], cold shock protein CspA[2][1] , ECK3543, JW3525, b3556 |
Product description |
CspA transcriptional activator[2][3] Cold-inducible RNA chaperone and anti-terminator; aids gene expression at low temperature; cold shock protein CS7.4; binds ssRNA and ssDNA[4] |
EC number (for enzymes) |
|
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Notes
Function
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Gene Ontology
See Help:Gene_ontology for help entering or editing GO terms and GO annotations in EcoliWiki.
Qualifier | GO ID | GO term name | Reference | Evidence Code | with/from | Aspect | Notes | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GO:0009409 |
response to cold |
PMID:3553157 |
IEP: Inferred from Expression Pattern |
P |
complete | |||
GO:0003676 |
nucleic acid binding |
GOA:interpro |
IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation |
InterPro:IPR011129 |
F |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | |
GO:0003676 |
nucleic acid binding |
GOA:interpro |
IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation |
InterPro:IPR012156 |
F |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | |
GO:0003677 |
DNA binding |
GOA:interpro |
IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation |
InterPro:IPR002059 |
F |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | |
GO:0003677 |
DNA binding |
GOA:spkw |
IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation |
SP_KW:KW-0238 |
F |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | |
GO:0003697 |
single-stranded DNA binding |
PMID:8995247 |
IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay |
F |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | ||
GO:0003723 |
RNA binding |
PMID:8995247 |
IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay |
F |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | ||
GO:0005737 |
cytoplasm |
GOA:spkw |
IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation |
SP_KW:KW-0963 |
C |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | |
GO:0005737 |
cytoplasm |
GO_REF:0000023 |
IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation |
SP_SL:SL-0086 |
C |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | |
GO:0006350 |
transcription |
GOA:spkw |
IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation |
SP_KW:KW-0804 |
P |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | |
GO:0006355 |
regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent |
GOA:interpro |
IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation |
InterPro:IPR002059 |
P |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | |
GO:0006950 |
response to stress |
GOA:spkw |
IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation |
SP_KW:KW-0346 |
P |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | |
GO:0006950 |
response to stress |
PMID:3553157 |
IEP: Inferred from Expression Pattern |
P |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | ||
GO:0060567 |
negative regulation of transcription termination |
PMID:10884409 |
IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay |
P |
Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0) |
complete | ||
GO:0006950 |
response to stress |
PMID:3553157 |
IEP: Inferred from Expression Pattern |
P |
CspA level increases after temperature downshift from 37 to 10°C. |
complete | ||
GO:0003677 |
DNA binding |
PMID:7748932 |
IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay |
F |
complete | |||
GO:0003727 |
single-stranded RNA binding |
PMID:8995247 |
IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay |
F |
Figure 2 |
complete | ||
GO:0003723 |
RNA binding |
PMID:8995247 |
IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay |
F |
Fig. 1-3 |
complete | ||
GO:0003697 |
single-stranded DNA binding |
PMID:8995247 |
IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay |
F |
Fig. 5 |
complete | ||
GO:0060567 |
negative regulation of transcription termination |
PMID:10884409 |
IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay |
P |
Fig. 1C,D |
complete | ||
GO:0001072 |
RNA binding transcription antitermination factor activity |
PMID:10884409 |
IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay |
F |
replaces obsolete GO:0030401 |
complete | ||
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Interactions See Help:Product_interactions for help entering or editing information about gene product interactions in this section of EcoliWiki.
Partner Type | Partner | Notes | References | Evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Protein |
rpoC |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
rpsI |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
nfnB |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
rplC |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
rpsD |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
rplA |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
rpsC |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
rpoB |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
phoB |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
rplQ |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
rpsG |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
rplO |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
rplB |
PMID:16606699 |
Experiment(s):EBI-1146120 | |
Protein |
accA |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694 | |
Protein |
cca |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694 | |
Protein |
deaD |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694 | |
Protein |
ybhF |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694 | |
Protein |
ycbY |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694 | |
Protein |
rluC |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694 | |
Protein |
rluB |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694 | |
Protein |
dnaN |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694 | |
Protein |
dsbG |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694 | |
Protein |
rplA |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694 | |
Protein |
rplD |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694 | |
Protein |
rpsD |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694 | |
Protein |
rplC |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-879694, EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
atpG |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
cspG |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
hfq |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
hupA |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
hupB |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
rplL |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
rplR |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
rplS |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
rpoA |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
rpsC |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
rpsE |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
rpsG |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
rpsJ |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
rpsN |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
ydaY |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
ygcG |
PMID:15690043 |
Experiment(s):EBI-884189 | |
Protein |
atpG |
PMID:19402753 |
LCMS(ID Probability):99.0 | |
Protein |
rplR |
PMID:19402753 |
LCMS(ID Probability):99.6 | |
Protein |
rlmL |
PMID:19402753 |
MALDI(Z-score):25.000790 | |
Protein |
rplS |
PMID:19402753 |
LCMS(ID Probability):99.0 MALDI(Z-score):5.581639 | |
Protein |
rpsJ |
PMID:19402753 |
LCMS(ID Probability):99.6 | |
Protein |
hupB |
PMID:19402753 |
LCMS(ID Probability):99.6 | |
Protein |
hupA |
PMID:19402753 |
LCMS(ID Probability):99.6 | |
Protein |
cspG |
PMID:19402753 |
LCMS(ID Probability):99.6 | |
Protein |
hfq |
PMID:19402753 |
LCMS(ID Probability):99.0 | |
Protein |
rluB |
PMID:19402753 |
MALDI(Z-score):36.206042 | |
Protein |
ygcG |
PMID:19402753 |
LCMS(ID Probability):99.0 | |
Protein |
rplL |
PMID:19402753 |
LCMS(ID Probability):99.6 | |
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Notes
Localization
See Help:Product_localization for how to add or edit information in this section of EcoliWiki.
Compartment | Description | Evidence | Reference/Source | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
cytoplasm |
| |||
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Notes
Structure and Physical Properties
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Physical Properties
See Help:Product_physical_properties for help entering or editing information about the physical properties of this gene product.
Name | |
---|---|
Sequence |
MSGKMTGIVK WFNADKGFGF ITPDDGSKDV FVHFSAIQND GYKSLDEGQK VSFTIESGAK GPAAGNVTSL |
Length |
70 |
Mol. Wt |
7.402 kDa |
pI |
5.9 (calculated) |
Extinction coefficient |
6,990 (calc based on 1 Y, 1 W, and 0 C residues) |
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Domains/Motifs/Modification Sites
See Help:Product_domains_motifs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.
|
<motif_map/> |
Structure
| </protect>
Structure figures<protect> | ||||||
Notes
Gene Product Resources
See Help:Product_resources for help with entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.
Resource type | Source | Notes/Reference |
---|---|---|
edit table |
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Notes
Accessions in Other Databases
See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.
Database | Accession | Notes |
---|---|---|
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | ||
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | ||
ASAP:ABE-0011616 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | ||
EcoCyc:EG10166 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
EcoGene:EG10166 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | ||
RegulonDB:ECK120000162 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
EchoBASE:EB0164 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
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Notes
Links
Name | URL | Comments |
---|---|---|
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Expression
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Overview
This is a placeholder for a summary statement on how expression of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.
Cellular Levels
Molecule | Organism or Strain | Value | Units | Experimental Conditions | Assay used | Notes | Reference(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Protein |
E. coli K-12 MC4100 |
8.19E+03 |
molecules/cell |
|
emPAI |
PMID:18304323 | |
Protein |
Ecoli K-12 |
714.6+/-6.652 |
Molecules/cell |
|
Single Molecule Fluorescence |
PMID:20671182 | |
mRNA |
Ecoli K-12 |
0.14126+/-0.01854 |
Molecules/cell |
|
by FISH |
PMID:20671182 | |
mRNA |
Ecoli K-12 |
0.391509434 |
Molecules/cell |
|
by RNA_Seq |
PMID:20671182 | |
Protein |
E. coli K-12 MG1655 |
43957 |
molecules/cell/generation |
|
Ribosome Profiling |
PMID: 24766808 | |
Protein |
E. coli K-12 MG1655 |
2012 |
molecules/cell/generation |
|
Ribosome Profiling |
PMID: 24766808 | |
Protein |
E. coli K-12 MG1655 |
31869 |
molecules/cell/generation |
|
Ribosome Profiling |
PMID: 24766808 | |
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Notes
Transcription and Transcriptional Regulation
<protect>
See Help:Expression_transcription for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.
|
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Notes
This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how transcription of this gene is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.
Translation and Regulation of Translation
<protect><gbrowseImage>
name=NC_000913:3718052..3718092
source=MG1655
type=Gene+DNA_+Protein
preset=Nterminus
</gbrowseImage>
This picture shows the sequence around the N-terminus.
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Notes
This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how translation of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.
Turnover and Regulation of Turnover
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Notes
This is a placeholder for a summary statement about turnover of this gene product. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.
Experimental
<protect>
Mutations Affecting Expression
See Help:Expression_mutations for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.
Allele Name | Mutation | Phenotype | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
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Expression Studies
See Help:Expression_studies for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.
Type | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|
microarray |
NCBI GEO profiles for cspA | |
microarray |
Summary of data for cspA from multiple microarray studies | |
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Expression Resources
See Help:Expression_resources for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.
Resource Name | Resource Type | Description | Source | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
GFP Fusion |
Intergenic region (3717306..3717715) fused to gfpmut2. |
GFP fusion described in Zaslaver, et al. | ||
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Notes
Accessions Related to cspA Expression
See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.
Database | Accession | Notes |
---|---|---|
EcoCyc:EG10166 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
EchoBASE:EB0164 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
EcoGene:EG10166 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
RegulonDB:ECK120000162 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
ASAP:ABE-0011616 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
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Notes
Links
Name | URL | Comments |
---|---|---|
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Evolution
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Homologs in Other Organisms
See Help:Evolution_homologs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.
Organism | Homologs (Statistics) | Comments |
---|---|---|
Anopheles gambiae |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Apis mellifera |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Bos taurus |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Caenorhabditis briggsae |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Caenorhabditis elegans |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Canis familiaris |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Ciona intestinalis |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Danio rerio |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Drosophila melanogaster |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Drosophila pseudoobscura |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Gallus gallus |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Homo sapiens |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Macaca mulatta |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Monodelphis domestica |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Mus musculus |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Oryza gramene |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Pan troglodytes |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Rattus norvegicus |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Takifugu rubripes |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Tetraodon nigroviridis |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Xenopus tropicalis |
|
From Inparanoid:20070104 |
Shigella flexneri |
CSPA |
From SHIGELLACYC |
E. coli O157 |
CSPA |
From ECOO157CYC |
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Do-It-Yourself Web Tools
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Notes
Families
See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.
Database | Accession | Notes |
---|---|---|
EcoCyc:EG10166 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
EcoGene:EG10166 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
RegulonDB:ECK120000162 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
EchoBASE:EB0164 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
ASAP:ABE-0011616 |
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 | |
edit table |
<protect></protect>
Notes
Links
Name | URL | Comments |
---|---|---|
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References
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- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 Riley, M. et al. (2006) Nucleic Acids Res 34:1-6 (corrected supplemental data from B. Wanner)
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 EcoCyc (release 10.6; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 EcoCyc (release 11.1; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 EcoGene: Rudd, KE (2000) EcoGene: a genome sequence database for Escherichia coli K-12. Nucleic Acids Res 28:60-4.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 CGSC: The Coli Genetics Stock Center
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 The Tn10 insertion sites determined by Nichols et al. 1998 (PMID:9829956) were reannotated by alignment with E. coli K-12 genome sequence (GenBank accession NC_000913). P1 contransduction frequencies were calculated using the formula of Wu (PMID:5338813).
- ↑ Zaslaver, A et al. (2006) A comprehensive library of fluorescent transcriptional reporters for Escherichia coli. Nat. Methods 3 623-8 PubMed
Categories
- Genes in OpenBioSystems with Promoter Fusions
- Genes with homologs in Anopheles gambiae
- Genes with homologs in Apis mellifera
- Genes with homologs in Arabidopsis thaliana
- Genes with homologs in Bos taurus
- Genes with homologs in Caenorhabditis briggsae
- Genes with homologs in Caenorhabditis elegans
- Genes with homologs in Canis familiaris
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- Genes with homologs in Xenopus tropicalis
- Genes with homologs in Shigella flexneri
- Genes with homologs in E. coli O157