arcA:On One Page

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Quickview   Gene   Gene Product(s)   Expression   Evolution   On One Page    
Quickview | Gene | Product(s) | Expression| Evolution | References |

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Standard Name

arcA

Gene Synonym(s)

ECK4393, b4401, JW4364, dye, fexA, msp, seg, sfrA, cpxC[1], cpxC

Product Desc.

ArcA transcriptional dual regulator[2][3] DNA-binding response regulator in two-component regulatory system with ArcB or CpxA product Response regulator, represses aerobic genes anaerobically; also activates some anaerobic genes; phosphorylated by ArcB[4]

Product Synonyms(s)

B4401 [2], negative response regulator of genes in aerobic pathways, (sensors, ArcB and CpxA) [2], CpxC [2], Dye [2], FexA [2], Msp [2], Seg [2], SfrA [2], respiration control protein ArcA [2], unphosphorylated respiration control protein ArcA [2], unmodified respiration control protein ArcA [2], ArcA control protein [2], dye resistance protein [2], aerobic respiration control protein ArcA [2] , cpxC, dye, ECK4393, fexA, JW4364, msp, seg, sfrA, b4401

Function from GO

<GO_nr />

Knock-Out Phenotype
Regulation/Expression

transcription unit(s): arcA[2]

Regulation/Activity
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Notes

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Gene

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Nomenclature

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See Help:Gene_nomenclature for help with entering information in the Gene Nomenclature table.

Standard name

arcA

Mnemonic

Aerobic respiration control

Synonyms

ECK4393, b4401, JW4364, dye, fexA, msp, seg, sfrA, cpxC[1], cpxC

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Notes

Location(s) and DNA Sequence

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See Help:Gene_location for help entering information in the Gene Location and DNA sequence table.

Strain Map location Genome coordinates Genome browsers Sequence links

MG1655

99.96 minutes 

MG1655: 4638329..4637613
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_000913:4637613..4638329 source=MG1655 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

REL606

NC_012967: 4628466..4627750
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_012967:4627750..4628466 source=REL606 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

BW2952

NC_012759: 4576097..4576813
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_012759:4576097..4576813 source=BW2952 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

W3110

 

W3110: 4644986..4644270
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_007779:4644270..4644986 source=W3110 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

DH10B

DH10B: 4684791..4684075
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_010473:4684075..4684791 source=DH10B preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

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Notes

Sequence Features

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See Help:Gene_sequence_features for help in entering sequence features in EcoliWiki.

Feature Type Strain Genomic Location Evidence Reference Notes

Coding Start (SO:0000323)

MG1655

4637613

Edman degradation

PMID:9298646


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Notes

Alleles and Phenotypes

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See Help:Gene_alleles for how to enter or edit alleles and phenotypes in EcoliWiki.

Allele Nt change(s) AA change(s) Phenotype: Type Phenotype: Description Reference Availability Comments

arcA(del) (Keio:JW4364)

deletion

deletion

PMID:16738554

Shigen
CGSC11117[5]

arcA43(del)

CGSC:78398

arcA45(del)

CGSC:79752

arcA44:(del):kan

CGSC:90811

arcA726(del)::kan

PMID:16738554

CGSC:100034

arcA

mutation

mutation

represses aerobic function

PMID:2565334

arcA(P)::Tn10dCam

Mutagenesis rate

Decreased stress-induced mutagenesis (SIM) phenotype.

PMID:23224554

Parental Strain: SMR4562

Experimental Strain: SMR12023

Mutation was comparatively weak with decrease only happening to 33-67% of population.

CAG45114 arcA726(del)::FRTKanFRT

deletion

SigmaE Activity

Decrease in SigmaE Activity

PMID:23224554

Parental Strain: CAG45114 Experimental Strain:SMR1360

See Table S11 for experimental Data

CAG45114 arcA726(del)::FRTKanFRT

Deletion

SigmaE activity

Increase in sigmaE activity

PMID23224554

Parental Strain: CAG45114 Experimental Strain: SMR15360

See table S11 for full experimental data

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Notes

Genetic Interactions

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Interactor Interaction Allele Score(s) Reference(s) Accessions Notes
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Notes

Genetic Resources

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See Help:Gene_resources for help entering information into the Genetic Resources table.

Resource Resource Type Source Notes/Reference

JW4364

Plasmid clone

Shigen

PMID:16769691

Status:Clone OK

Primer 1:GCCCAGACCCCGCACATTCTTAT

Primer 2:CCATCTTCCAGATCACCGCAGAA

12A4

Kohara Phage

Genobase

PMID:3038334

15A5

Kohara Phage

Genobase

PMID:3038334

mdoB202::Tn10

Linked marker

CAG18430 = CGSC7488[5]

est. P1 cotransduction: 14% [6]
Synonyms:zjj-202::Tn10, zji-202::Tn10

thrA34::Tn10

Linked marker

CAG18442 = CGSC7320[5]

est. P1 cotransduction: 93% [6]
Synonyms:thr-34::Tn10

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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG10061

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG10061

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120000057

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

NCBI (EcoliWiki Page)

GeneID:948874

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB0059

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0014434

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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Product(s)

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Nomenclature

See Help:Product_nomenclature for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Standard name

ArcA

Synonyms

B4401 [2], negative response regulator of genes in aerobic pathways, (sensors, ArcB and CpxA) [2], CpxC [2], Dye [2], FexA [2], Msp [2], Seg [2], SfrA [2], respiration control protein ArcA [2], unphosphorylated respiration control protein ArcA [2], unmodified respiration control protein ArcA [2], ArcA control protein [2], dye resistance protein [2], aerobic respiration control protein ArcA [2] , cpxC, dye, ECK4393, fexA, JW4364, msp, seg, sfrA, b4401

Product description

ArcA transcriptional dual regulator[2][3] DNA-binding response regulator in two-component regulatory system with ArcB or CpxA product Response regulator, represses aerobic genes anaerobically; also activates some anaerobic genes; phosphorylated by ArcB[4]

EC number (for enzymes)


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Notes

Function

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Gene Ontology
See Help:Gene_ontology for help entering or editing GO terms and GO annotations in EcoliWiki.

Qualifier GO ID GO term name Reference Evidence Code with/from Aspect Notes Status
GO:0000156

two-component response regulator activity

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR001789

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0000156

two-component response regulator activity

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR001867

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0000156

two-component response regulator activity

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR016032

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0000156

two-component response regulator activity

PMID:1512197[7]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0000160

two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay)

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR001789

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0000160

two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay)

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR001867

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0000160

two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay)

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR016032

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0000160

two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay)

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0902

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0000160

two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay)

PMID:1512197[7]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0003700

transcription factor activity

PMID:14711822[8]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0003700

transcription factor activity

PMID:2964639[9]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0003700

transcription factor activity

PMID:2984198[10]

ISS: Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity

UniProtKB:P0AA16

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0005622

intracellular

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR016032

C

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0963

C

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

GO_REF:0000023

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_SL:SL-0086

C

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0006355

regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent

PMID:16849788[11]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0016563

transcription activator activity

PMID:14711822[8]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0016563

transcription activator activity

PMID:2964639[9]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0016563

transcription activator activity

PMID:2984198[10]

ISS: Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity

UniProtKB:P0AA16

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0016564

transcription repressor activity

PMID:14711822[8]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0016564

transcription repressor activity

PMID:2964639[9]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0016564

transcription repressor activity

PMID:2984198[10]

ISS: Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity

UniProtKB:P0AA16

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0045892

negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent

PMID:14711822[8]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0045892

negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent

PMID:2964639[9]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0045892

negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent

PMID:2984198[10]

ISS: Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity

UniProtKB:P0AA16

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0045893

positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent

PMID:14711822[8]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0045893

positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent

PMID:2964639[9]

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0045893

positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent

PMID:2984198[10]

ISS: Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity

UniProtKB:P0AA16

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

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Interactions

See Help:Product_interactions for help entering or editing information about gene product interactions in this section of EcoliWiki.

Partner Type Partner Notes References Evidence

Protein

prs

PMID:16606699[12]

Experiment(s):EBI-1147992

Protein

ArcB

ArcA and ArcB are cognate response regulator and sensor kinase, respectively.


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Notes

Phosphorylation required for DNA binding

Localization

See Help:Product_localization for how to add or edit information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Compartment Description Evidence Reference/Source Notes

cytoplasm

From EcoCyc[3]


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Notes

Structure and Physical Properties

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Physical Properties See Help:Product_physical_properties for help entering or editing information about the physical properties of this gene product.

Name
Sequence

at EcoCyc 

MQTPHILIVE DELVTRNTLK SIFEAEGYDV FEATDGAEMH QILSEYDINL VIMDINLPGK
NGLLLARELR EQANVALMFL TGRDNEVDKI LGLEIGADDY ITKPFNPREL TIRARNLLSR
TMNLGTVSEE RRSVESYKFN GWELDINSRS LIGPDGEQYK LPRSEFRAML HFCENPGKIQ
SRAELLKKMT GRELKPHDRT VDVTIRRIRK HFESTPDTPE IIATIHGEGY RFCGDLED
Length

238

Mol. Wt

27.292 kDa

pI

5.1 (calculated)

Extinction coefficient

14,440 - 14,690 (calc based on 6 Y, 1 W, and 2 C residues)

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Domains/Motifs/Modification Sites

See Help:Product_domains_motifs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Type Residues Description Notes References

Domain

156..232

PF00486 Transcriptional regulatory protein, C terminal

PMID:19920124[13]

Domain

6..115

PF00072 Response regulator receiver domain

PMID:19920124[13]

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<motif_map/>

Structure
See Help:Product_structure for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Structures

<beststructure> gene=arcA taxon=562,83333 </beststructure>

Models

View models at:

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Structure figures

Notes

Gene Product Resources

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Resource type Source Notes/Reference
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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

NCBI (Protein) (EcoliWiki Page)

GI:16132218

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

NCBI (Protein) (EcoliWiki Page)

GeneID:948874

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0014434

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

UniProt (EcoliWiki Page)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P0A9Q1

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG10061

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG10061

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

NCBI (Gene) (EcoliWiki Page)

GeneID:948874

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120000057

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB0059

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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Expression

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Overview

This is a placeholder for a summary statement on how expression of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.


Cellular Levels

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See Help:Cellular levels

Molecule Organism or Strain Value Units Experimental Conditions Assay used Notes Reference(s)

Protein

E. coli K-12 MC4100

2.66E+03

molecules/cell

  • Medium: median data from rich and minimal media
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min): Growth Rate(min):
  • Growth phase: other:

emPAI

PMID:18304323

Protein

E. coli K-12 EMG2

200

molecules/cell

  • Medium: MOPS glucose minimal
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • Growth phase: Exponential
  • OD: OD600 = 0.2 to 0.25
  • other: aerated

Quantitative protein sequencing

Spot ID: M118-I

PMID: 9298646

Protein

E. coli K-12 MG1655

8000

molecules/cell/generation

  • Medium: MOPS Complete
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • *Growth phase:
  • OD:
  • other:

Ribosome Profiling

PMID: 24766808

Protein

E. coli K-12 MG1655

3622

molecules/cell/generation

  • Medium: MOPS Minimal
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • *Growth phase:
  • OD:
  • other:

Ribosome Profiling

PMID: 24766808

Protein

E. coli K-12 MG1655

4068

molecules/cell/generation

  • Medium: MOPS Complete without Methionine
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • *Growth phase:
  • OD:
  • other:

Ribosome Profiling

PMID: 24766808

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Notes

Transcription and Transcriptional Regulation

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See Help:Expression_transcription for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Transcription unit(s)

arcA

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Figure courtesy of RegulonDB


Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how transcription of this gene is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Translation and Regulation of Translation

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<gbrowseImage> name=NC_000913:4638309..4638349 source=MG1655 flip=1 type=Gene+DNA_+Protein preset=Nterminus </gbrowseImage> This picture shows the sequence around the N-terminus.


Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how translation of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Turnover and Regulation of Turnover

</protect>

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about turnover of this gene product. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Experimental

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Mutations Affecting Expression See Help:Expression_mutations for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Allele Name Mutation Phenotype Reference
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Expression Studies See Help:Expression_studies for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Type Reference Notes

microarray

GEO Profiles:b4401 (EcoliWiki Page)

NCBI GEO profiles for arcA

microarray

GenExpDB:b4401 (EcoliWiki Page)

Summary of data for arcA from multiple microarray studies

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Expression Resources See Help:Expression_resources for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource Name Resource Type Description Source Notes
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<protect>

Notes

Accessions Related to arcA Expression

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG10061

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB0059

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoliGenExpDB (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoliGenExpDB:b4401

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG10061

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120000057

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0014434

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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Evolution

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Homologs in Other Organisms

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See Help:Evolution_homologs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Organism Homologs (Statistics) Comments

Arabidopsis thaliana

  • AT5G61380 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)
  • AT5G60100 (score: 0.083)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Dictyostelium discoideum

  • DDB0183884 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 71%)
  • DDB0191388 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 62%)
  • DDB0220512 (score: 0.106)
  • DDB0231984 (score: 0.080)
  • DDB0185194 (score: 0.077)
  • DDB0187191 (score: 0.076)
  • DDB0191306 (score: 0.075)
  • DDB0204819 (score: 0.075)
  • DDB0218392 (score: 0.066)
  • DDB0218263 (score: 0.065)
  • DDB0187593 (score: 0.065)
  • DDB0185325 (score: 0.061)
  • DDB0217795 (score: 0.060)
  • DDB0220485 (score: 0.058)
  • DDB0191407 (score: 0.058)
  • DDB0188118 (score: 0.058)
  • DDB0216671 (score: 0.056)
  • DDB0206390 (score: 0.052)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Oryza gramene

  • Q6H805 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 63%)
  • Q94LW1 (score: 0.703)
  • Q5SML5 (score: 0.284)
  • Q6K8X6 (score: 0.277)
  • Q67W50 (score: 0.231)
  • Q948L2 (score: 0.203)
  • Q7Y0W5 (score: 0.111)
  • Q7Y0W3 (score: 0.111)
  • Q7Y0W2 (score: 0.111)
  • Q7Y0W4 (score: 0.108)
  • Q6AU68 (score: 0.069)
  • Q8H908 (score: 0.057)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  • YHR206W (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Schizosaccharomyces pombe

  • SPAC8C94 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Shigella flexneri

ARCA

From SHIGELLACYC

E. coli O157

ARCA

From ECOO157CYC

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Do-It-Yourself Web Tools


Notes

Families

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

Pfam (EcoliWiki Page)

PF00486 Transcriptional regulatory protein, C terminal

Superfamily (EcoliWiki Page)

SUPERFAMILY:46894

Superfamily (EcoliWiki Page)

SUPERFAMILY:52172

Pfam (EcoliWiki Page)

PF00072 Response regulator receiver domain

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG10061

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG10061

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120000057

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB0059

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0014434

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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References

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See Help:References for how to manage references in EcoliWiki.

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Riley, M. et al. (2006) Nucleic Acids Res 34:1-6 (corrected supplemental data from B. Wanner)
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 EcoCyc (release 10.6; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 EcoCyc (release 11.1; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 EcoGene: Rudd, KE (2000) EcoGene: a genome sequence database for Escherichia coli K-12. Nucleic Acids Res 28:60-4.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 CGSC: The Coli Genetics Stock Center
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 The Tn10 insertion sites determined by Nichols et al. 1998 (PMID:9829956) were reannotated by alignment with E. coli K-12 genome sequence (GenBank accession NC_000913). P1 contransduction frequencies were calculated using the formula of Wu (PMID:5338813).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Iuchi, S & Lin, EC (1992) Purification and phosphorylation of the Arc regulatory components of Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 174 5617-23 PubMed
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Liu, X & De Wulf, P (2004) Probing the ArcA-P modulon of Escherichia coli by whole genome transcriptional analysis and sequence recognition profiling. J. Biol. Chem. 279 12588-97 PubMed
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Iuchi, S & Lin, EC (1988) arcA (dye), a global regulatory gene in Escherichia coli mediating repression of enzymes in aerobic pathways. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85 1888-92 PubMed
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Drury, LS & Buxton, RS (1985) DNA sequence analysis of the dye gene of Escherichia coli reveals amino acid homology between the dye and OmpR proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 260 4236-42 PubMed
  11. ↑ Cho, BK et al. (2006) Transcriptional regulation of the fad regulon genes of Escherichia coli by ArcA. Microbiology (Reading, Engl.) 152 2207-19 PubMed
  12. ↑ Arifuzzaman, M et al. (2006) Large-scale identification of protein-protein interaction of Escherichia coli K-12. Genome Res. 16 686-91 PubMed
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Finn, RD et al. (2010) The Pfam protein families database. Nucleic Acids Res. 38 D211-22 PubMed

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