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Quickview   Gene   Gene Product(s)   Expression   Evolution   On One Page    
Quickview | Gene | Product(s) | Expression| Evolution | References |

Quickview

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Standard Name

add

Gene Synonym(s)

ECK1618, b1623, JW1615[1], JW1615

Product Desc.

Adenosine deaminase; mutants affect growth on deoxyadenosine in purA, B mutants[2]

Product Synonyms(s)

adenosine deaminase[1], B1623[3][1], Add[3][1] , ECK1618, JW1615, b1623

Function from GO

<GO_nr />

Knock-Out Phenotype
Regulation/Expression

transcription unit(s): add[3]

Regulation/Activity
Quick Links

porteco.png EcoCyc.gif regulondb.jpg

dnadisplay.png proteindisplay.png   pubmed.jpg   textpresso.jpg  

</protect> See Help:Quickview for help with entering information in the Quickview table. <protect></protect>

Notes

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Adenosine deaminase is an enzyme involved in purine metabolism, which irreversibly deaminates both adenosine and deoxyadenosine to inosine and deoxyinosine. The optimal pH for this enzyme is around 7.5-8, but activity is irreversibly lost when pH is lower than 2.7 or higher than 9.5. Adenosine deaminase is sensitive to heavy metals, such as Ag+, Cu2+, and Cr3+, and reacts with them irreversibly (Koch, 1958). [4]

Complications in purine metabolism often result in various disorders in humans. Deficiencies amounts of adenosine deaminase result in diseases such as severe combined immunodeficiency disorder (SCID) and lymphopenia.

Binds TrxA (Kumar, 2004).[2]



Gene

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Nomenclature

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See Help:Gene_nomenclature for help with entering information in the Gene Nomenclature table.

Standard name

add

Mnemonic

Adenosine deaminase

Synonyms

ECK1618, b1623, JW1615[1], JW1615

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Notes

Location(s) and DNA Sequence

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<protect> See Help:Gene_location for help entering information in the Gene Location and DNA sequence table.

Strain Map location Genome coordinates Genome browsers Sequence links

MG1655

36.65 minutes 

MG1655: 1700257..1701258
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_000913:1700257..1701258 source=MG1655 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

REL606

NC_012967: 1679427..1680428
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_012967:1679427..1680428 source=REL606 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

BW2952

NC_012759: 1592316..1593317
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_012759:1592316..1593317 source=BW2952 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

W3110

 

W3110: 1703947..1704948
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_007779:1703947..1704948 source=W3110 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

DH10B

DH10B: 1791218..1792219
<gbrowseImage> name=NC_010473:1791218..1792219 source=DH10B preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage>

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Notes

Sequence Features

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See Help:Gene_sequence_features for help in entering sequence features in EcoliWiki.

Feature Type Strain Genomic Location Evidence Reference Notes

<protect></protect>

Notes

Alleles and Phenotypes

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See Help:Gene_alleles for how to enter or edit alleles and phenotypes in EcoliWiki.

Allele Nt change(s) AA change(s) Phenotype: Type Phenotype: Description Reference Availability Comments

Δadd (Keio:JW1615)

deletion

deletion

PMID:16738554

Shigen
CGSC9376[5]

add-6

CGSC:7309

Δadd-771::kan

PMID:16738554

CGSC:99910

S Φ 3834

Tet resistant

PMID:1998686

rpsL, Δadd-uid-man, metB, guaA, uraA::TnlO

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Notes

Genetic Interactions

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<protect>

Interactor Interaction Allele Score(s) Reference(s) Accessions Notes

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Notes

Genetic Resources

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See Help:Gene_resources for help entering information into the Genetic Resources table.

Resource Resource Type Source Notes/Reference

JW1615

Plasmid clone

Shigen

PMID:16769691

Status:Clone OK

Primer 1:GCCATTGATACCACCCTGCCATT

Primer 2:CCtTTCGCGGCGACTTTTTCTCG

6A5

Kohara Phage

Genobase

PMID:3038334

9A1

Kohara Phage

Genobase

PMID:3038334

20B5

Kohara Phage

Genobase

PMID:3038334

zdd-235::Tn10

Linked marker

CAG18461 = CGSC7378[5]

est. P1 cotransduction: % [6]
Synonyms:zdc-235::Tn10

zdi-925::Tn10

Linked marker

CAG12151 = CGSC7385[5]

est. P1 cotransduction: 1% [6]
Synonyms:zdh-925::Tn10

<protect></protect>

Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG10030

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG10030

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120000027

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

NCBI (EcoliWiki Page)

GeneID:945851

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB0029

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0005435

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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Product(s)

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Nomenclature

See Help:Product_nomenclature for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Standard name

Add

Synonyms

adenosine deaminase[1], B1623[3][1], Add[3][1] , ECK1618, JW1615, b1623

Product description

Adenosine deaminase; mutants affect growth on deoxyadenosine in purA, B mutants[2]

EC number (for enzymes)

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Notes

Adenosine deaminase is the enzyme that catalyzes the irreversible deamination of adenosine or deoxyadenosine to inosine or deoxyinosine. The active site of ADA contains residues of a Histidine, 2 Aspartic acids, one Glutamic acid, and a zinc atom. The overall mechanism involves a hydroxyl group addition to C6 of adenosine, which forms the tetrahedral transition state intermediate. Then, the ammonia elimination forms inosine. Zinc acts as a powerful electrophile, which allows a water molecule to attack C6. Glutamic acid interacts with N1 and donates a proton, reducing the N1=C6 double bond character, allowing the hydroxyl nucleophilic attack. A Histidine residue and the carboxylic group of aspartic acid stabilizes and orients the zinc-bound water molecule. The ammonia elimination pathway is not quite understood but is the final step in the mechanism of adenosine deaminase.

Function

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<protect> Gene Ontology
See Help:Gene_ontology for help entering or editing GO terms and GO annotations in EcoliWiki.

Qualifier GO ID GO term name Reference Evidence Code with/from Aspect Notes Status

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

C

Seeded from Riley et al 2006 [1].

Missing: evidence, reference

GO:0004000

adenosine deaminase activity

PMID:4874315

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

complete

GO:0004000

adenosine deaminase activity

PMID:765747

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

F

complete

GO:0015950

purine nucleotide interconversion

PMID:1998686

IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction

EcoliWiki:guaA


P

complete

GO:0004000

adenosine deaminase activity

GOA:hamap
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

HAMAP:MF_00540

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0009168

purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process

PMID:1998686

IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction

EcoliWiki:guaA


P

complete

GO:0004000

adenosine deaminase activity

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR006330

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0005488

binding

PMID:3486673

ISS: Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity

UniProtKB:P56658

F

CHEBI:27834 (Deoxycoformycin mechanistically inhibits Add).

complete

GO:0006154

adenosine catabolic process

PMID:1998686

IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction

EcoliWiki:guaA


P

complete

GO:0004000

adenosine deaminase activity

GOA:spec
GO_REF:0000003

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

EC:3.5.4.4

F

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0004000

adenosine deaminase activity

PMID:5335916

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

complete

GO:0032261

purine nucleotide salvage

PMID:1998686

IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction

EcoliWiki:guaA


P

complete

GO:0006154

adenosine catabolic process

PMID:1998686

IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

Missing: with/from

GO:0043103

hypoxanthine salvage

PMID:1998686

IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction

EcoliWiki:guaA


P

complete

GO:0009117

nucleotide metabolic process

GOA:spkw
SP_KW:GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0546

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0046101

hypoxanthine biosynthetic process

PMID:1998686

IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction

EcoliWiki:guaA


P

complete

GO:0009168

purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process

GOA:hamap
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

HAMAP:MF_00540

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

PMID:5335916

IC: Inferred by Curator

C

Missing: with/from

GO:0009168

purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR001365

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0009168

purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR006330

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0009168

purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process

GOA:interpro
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR006650

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

complete

GO:0009168

purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process

PMID:1998686

IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

Missing: with/from

GO:0015950

purine nucleotide interconversion

PMID:1998686

IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

Missing: with/from

GO:0032261

purine nucleotide salvage

PMID:1998686

IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

Missing: with/from

GO:0043103

hypoxanthine salvage

PMID:1998686

IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction

P

Seeded from EcoCyc (v14.0)

Missing: with/from

GO:0006974

response to DNA damage stimulus

PMID:11967071

IEP: Inferred from Expression Pattern

P

complete

Interactions See Help:Product_interactions for help entering or editing information about gene product interactions in this section of EcoliWiki.

Partner Type Partner Notes References Evidence

Protein

rpsM

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1140315

Protein

arpA

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1140315

Protein

rplT

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1140315

Protein

insC1

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1140315

Protein

ligA

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1140315

Protein

gcd

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1140315

Small Molecule

CHEBI:27834 (Deoxycoformycin)

Inhibitor of Add activity


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Notes

Localization

See Help:Product_localization for how to add or edit information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Compartment Description Evidence Reference/Source Notes

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Notes

Structure and Physical Properties

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<protect> Physical Properties See Help:Product_physical_properties for help entering or editing information about the physical properties of this gene product.

Name
Sequence

at EcoCyc

MIDTTLPLTD IHRHLDGNIR PQTILELGRQ YNISLPAQSL ETLIPHVQVI ANEPDLVSFL
TKLDWGVKVL ASLDACRRVA FENIEDAARH GLHYVELRFS PGYMAMAHQL PVAGVVEAVI
DGVREGCRTF GVQAKLIGIM SRTFGEAACQ QELEAFLAHR DQITALDLAG DELGFPGSLF
LSHFNRARDA GWHITVHAGE AAGPESIWQA IRELGAERIG HGVKAIEDRA LMDFLAEQQI
GIESCLTSNI QTSTVAELAA HPLKTFLEHG IRASINTDDP GVQGVDIIHE YTVAAPAAGL
SREQIRQAQI NGLEMAFLSA EEKRALREKV AAK
Length

333

Mol. Wt

36.397 kDa

pI

5.4 (calculated)

Extinction coefficient

22,460 - 22,960 (calc based on 4 Y, 3 W, and 4 C residues)


Domains/Motifs/Modification Sites

See Help:Product_domains_motifs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Type Residues Description Notes References

Domain

5..329

PF00962 Adenosine/AMP deaminase

PMID:19920124

<motif_map/>

Structure
See Help:Product_structure for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Structures

<beststructure> gene=add taxon=562,83333 </beststructure>

Models

View models at:

</protect>

Structure figures

<protect>

</protect>

Notes

Gene Product Resources

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See Help:Product_resources for help with entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource type Source Notes/Reference

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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

NCBI (Protein) (EcoliWiki Page)

GI:16129581

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

NCBI (Protein) (EcoliWiki Page)

GeneID:945851

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0005435

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

UniProt (EcoliWiki Page)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P22333

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG10030

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG10030

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

NCBI (Gene) (EcoliWiki Page)

GeneID:945851

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120000027

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB0029

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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Expression

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Overview

This is a placeholder for a summary statement on how expression of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.


Cellular Levels

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See Help:Cellular levels

Molecule Organism or Strain Value Units Experimental Conditions Assay used Notes Reference(s)

Protein

E. coli K-12 MC4100

2.89E+02

molecules/cell

  • Medium: median data from rich and minimal media
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min): Growth Rate(min):
  • Growth phase: other:

emPAI

PMID:18304323

Protein

E. coli K-12 MG1655

724

molecules/cell/generation

  • Medium: MOPS Complete
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • *Growth phase:
  • OD:
  • other:

Ribosome Profiling

PMID: 24766808

Protein

E. coli K-12 MG1655

265

molecules/cell/generation

  • Medium: MOPS Minimal
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • *Growth phase:
  • OD:
  • other:

Ribosome Profiling

PMID: 24766808

Protein

E. coli K-12 MG1655

548

molecules/cell/generation

  • Medium: MOPS Complete without Methionine
  • Temperature (°C): 37
  • Doubling time (min):
  • *Growth phase:
  • OD:
  • other:

Ribosome Profiling

PMID: 24766808

Notes

Transcription and Transcriptional Regulation

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<protect>

See Help:Expression_transcription for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Transcription unit(s)

add

Figure courtesy of RegulonDB

</protect>

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how transcription of this gene is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Translation and Regulation of Translation

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<protect><gbrowseImage> name=NC_000913:1700237..1700277 source=MG1655 type=Gene+DNA_+Protein preset=Nterminus </gbrowseImage> This picture shows the sequence around the N-terminus.

</protect>

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how translation of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Turnover and Regulation of Turnover

</protect>

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about turnover of this gene product. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Experimental

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<protect> Mutations Affecting Expression See Help:Expression_mutations for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Allele Name Mutation Phenotype Reference


Expression Studies See Help:Expression_studies for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Type Reference Notes

microarray

GEO Profiles:b1623 (EcoliWiki Page)

NCBI GEO profiles for add

microarray

GenExpDB:b1623 (EcoliWiki Page)

Summary of data for add from multiple microarray studies


Expression Resources See Help:Expression_resources for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource Name Resource Type Description Source Notes

GFP Fusion

Intergenic region (1700057..1700309) fused to gfpmut2.

OpenBioSystems

GFP fusion described in Zaslaver, et al.
Plate:109-AZ05; Well:A8[7]

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Notes

Accessions Related to add Expression

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG10030

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB0029

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoliGenExpDB (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoliGenExpDB:b1623

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG10030

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120000027

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0005435

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

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Notes

Links

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Evolution

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Homologs in Other Organisms

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See Help:Evolution_homologs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Organism Homologs (Statistics) Comments

Anopheles gambiae

  • ENSANGP00000015635 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Apis mellifera

  • ENSAPMP00000027171 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Arabidopsis thaliana

  • AT4G04880 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Bos taurus

  • ENSBTAP00000006947 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 69%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Caenorhabditis briggsae

  • WBGene00028141 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)
  • WBGene00028142 (score: 0.750)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Caenorhabditis elegans

  • WBGene00015551 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 97%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Canis familiaris

  • ENSCAFP00000013968 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 90%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Ciona intestinalis

  • ENSCINP00000004062 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 99%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Danio rerio

  • ZDB-GENE-040718-393 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 93%)
  • ZDB-CDNA-040718-431 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 93%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Dictyostelium discoideum

  • DDB0230171 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 99%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Drosophila melanogaster

  • FBgn0037661 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Drosophila pseudoobscura

  • GA11319-PA (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 78%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Gallus gallus

  • ENSGALP00000006620 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 92%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Homo sapiens

  • ENSP00000352331 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 94%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Macaca mulatta

  • ENSMMUP00000013898 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 86%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Monodelphis domestica

  • ENSMODP00000020255 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 90%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Mus musculus

  • MGI:87916 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 96%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Pan troglodytes

  • ENSPTRP00000023233 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 94%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Rattus norvegicus

  • ENSRNOP00000014151 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 95%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  • YNL141W (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Schizosaccharomyces pombe

  • SPBC11982 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)
  • SPBC16832 (score: 0.159)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Takifugu rubripes

  • NEWSINFRUP00000132496 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 89%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Tetraodon nigroviridis

  • GSTENP00023391001 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 84%)
  • GSTENP00003273001 (score: 0.056)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Xenopus tropicalis

  • ENSXETP00000007489 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 52%)
  • ENSXETP00000007493 (score: 0.561)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Shigella flexneri

ADD

From SHIGELLACYC

E. coli O157

ADD

From ECOO157CYC


Do-It-Yourself Web Tools

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Notes

Families

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

Database Accession Notes

Pfam (EcoliWiki Page)

PF00962 Adenosine/AMP deaminase

Superfamily (EcoliWiki Page)

SUPERFAMILY:51556

Panther (EcoliWiki Page)

PTHR11409:SF21

EcoCyc

EcoCyc:EG10030

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EcoGene

EcoGene:EG10030

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

RegulonDB

RegulonDB:ECK120000027

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

EchoBASE

EchoBASE:EB0029

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

ASAP

ASAP:ABE-0005435

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

<protect></protect>

Notes

Links

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References

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See Help:References for how to manage references in EcoliWiki.

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 Riley, M. et al. (2006) Nucleic Acids Res 34:1-6 (corrected supplemental data from B. Wanner)
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 EcoGene: Rudd, KE (2000) EcoGene: a genome sequence database for Escherichia coli K-12. Nucleic Acids Res 28:60-4.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 EcoCyc (release 10.6; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
  4. KOCH, AL & VALLEE, G (1959) The properties of adenosine deaminase and adenosine nucleoside phosphorylase in extracts of Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 234 1213-8 PubMed
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 CGSC: The Coli Genetics Stock Center
  6. 6.0 6.1 The Tn10 insertion sites determined by Nichols et al. 1998 (PMID:9829956) were reannotated by alignment with E. coli K-12 genome sequence (GenBank accession NC_000913). P1 contransduction frequencies were calculated using the formula of Wu (PMID:5338813).
  7. Zaslaver, A et al. (2006) A comprehensive library of fluorescent transcriptional reporters for Escherichia coli. Nat. Methods 3 623-8 PubMed

Categories

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