PMID:16223443

Citation	Yohannes, E, Thurber, AE, Wilks, JC, Tate, DP and Slonczewski, JL (2005) Polyamine stress at high pH in Escherichia coli K-12. BMC Microbiol. 5:59
Abstract	Polyamines such as spermine and spermidine are required for growth of Escherichia coli; they interact with nucleic acids, and they bind to ribosomes. Polyamines block porins and decrease membrane permeability, activities that may protect cells in acid. At high concentrations, however, polyamines impair growth. They impair growth more severely at high pH, probably due to their increased uptake as membrane-permeant weak bases. The role of pH is critical in understanding polyamine stress.
Links	PubMed PMC1274320 Online version:10.1186/1471-2180-5-59
Keywords	Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; Escherichia coli K12/drug effects; Escherichia coli K12/genetics; Escherichia coli K12/growth & development; Escherichia coli K12/physiology; Escherichia coli Proteins/isolation & purification; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial/drug effects; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Polyamines/pharmacology; Spermidine/pharmacology; Spermine/pharmacology
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