PMID:14727089
| Citation |
Ren, D, Bedzyk, LA, Thomas, SM, Ye, RW and Wood, TK (2004) Gene expression in Escherichia coli biofilms. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 64:515-24 |
|---|---|
| Abstract |
DNA microarrays were used to study the gene expression profile of Escherichia coli JM109 and K12 biofilms. Both glass wool in shake flasks and mild steel 1010 plates in continuous reactors were used to create the biofilms. For the biofilms grown on glass wool, 22 genes were induced significantly (p< or =0.05) compared to suspension cells, including several genes for the stress response ( hslS, hslT, hha, and soxS), type I fimbriae ( fimG), metabolism ( metK), and 11 genes of unknown function ( ybaJ, ychM, yefM, ygfA, b1060, b1112, b2377, b3022, b1373, b1601, and b0836). The DNA microarray results were corroborated with RNA dot blotting. For the biofilm grown on mild steel plates, the DNA microarray data showed that, at a specific growth rate of 0.05/h, the mature biofilm after 5 days in the continuous reactors did not exhibit differential gene expression compared to suspension cells although genes were induced at 0.03/h. The present study suggests that biofilm gene expression is strongly associated with environmental conditions and that stress genes are involved in E. coli JM109 biofilm formation. |
| Links |
PubMed Online version:10.1007/s00253-003-1517-y |
| Keywords |
Biofilms/growth & development; Escherichia coli/genetics; Escherichia coli/growth & development; Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics; Escherichia coli Proteins/physiology; Fimbriae, Bacterial/genetics; Fimbriae, Bacterial/physiology; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics; Heat-Shock Proteins/physiology; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis |
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Significance
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This manuscript is significant since it identifies for the first time that a toxin is related to biofilm formation[1]; here it is shown that previously uncharacterized MqsR[2] of the MqsR/MqA toxin/antitoxin pair is induced during biofilm formation[1] as well as shows that toxin Hha and previously uncharacterized antitoxin TomB (YbaJ) [3] are induced during biofilm formation.
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References
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- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ren, D et al. (2004) Gene expression in Escherichia coli biofilms. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 64 515-24 PubMed
- ↑ Brown, BL et al. (2009) Three dimensional structure of the MqsR:MqsA complex: a novel TA pair comprised of a toxin homologous to RelE and an antitoxin with unique properties. PLoS Pathog. 5 e1000706 PubMed
- ↑ García-Contreras, R et al. (2008) Protein translation and cell death: the role of rare tRNAs in biofilm formation and in activating dormant phage killer genes. PLoS ONE 3 e2394 PubMed