PMID:12940994
| Citation |
Hatzixanthis, K, Palmer, T and Sargent, F (2003) A subset of bacterial inner membrane proteins integrated by the twin-arginine translocase. Mol. Microbiol. 49:1377-90 |
|---|---|
| Abstract |
A group of bacterial exported proteins are synthesized with N-terminal signal peptides containing a SRRxFLK 'twin-arginine' amino acid motif. Proteins bearing twin-arginine signal peptides are targeted post-translationally to the twin-arginine translocation (Tat) system which transports folded substrates across the inner membrane. In Escherichia coli, most integral inner membrane proteins are assembled by a co-translational process directed by SRP/FtsY, the SecYEG translocase, and YidC. In this work we define a novel class of integral membrane proteins assembled by a Tat-dependent mechanism. We show that at least five E. coli Tat substrate proteins contain hydrophobic C-terminal transmembrane helices (or 'C-tails'). Fusions between the identified transmembrane C-tails and the exclusively Tat-dependent reporter proteins TorA and SufI render the resultant chimeras membrane-bound. Export-linked signal peptide processing and membrane integration of the chimeras is shown to be both Tat-dependent and YidC-independent. It is proposed that the mechanism of membrane integration of proteins by the Tat system is fundamentally distinct from that employed for other bacterial inner membrane proteins. |
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| Keywords |
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Artificial Gene Fusion; Carrier Proteins/genetics; Carrier Proteins/metabolism; Cell Membrane/metabolism; Escherichia coli/genetics; Escherichia coli/metabolism; Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics; Escherichia coli Proteins/metabolism; Genes, Reporter/genetics; Membrane Proteins/genetics; Membrane Proteins/metabolism; Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics; Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism; Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating/genetics; Protein Sorting Signals; Protein Transport; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism |
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