Category:Complex:Flagellum
About
Description (originally from EcoCyc[1]) Flagellum
Comments (originally from EcoCyc[1]) The flagellum is a molecular machine with a proton motive force driven rotary motor which rotates a long, curved filament allowing the cell to swim in a liquid environment. Some of the evidence for the structure and function of the flagellum comes from experiments involving Salmonella typhiumurium flagella; however, this evidence is generally believed to apply to the homologous system in E. coli as well.
The three major components of the flagellum are the basal body located within the membranes, and the hook and filament which extend from the basal body outward. The basal body contains the Flagellar Motor Complex and the Flagellar Export Apparatus. The hook is a polymer of FlgE proteins connected to the rod of the basal body. The filament is a polymer of FliC proteins joined to the hook by the FlgK and FlgL hook-filament junction proteins and capped by the filament capping protein, FliD.
The FlgE subunits form 11 parallel rows or protofilaments on the hook's cylindrical surface. Two hook filament junction proteins, FlgK and FlgL, join the hook to the filament [2][3][4][5][6][2][7][8][9][9][10][11].
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 EcoCyc (release 11.1; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Berg, HC (2003) The rotary motor of bacterial flagella. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 72 19-54 PubMed
- ↑ Fraser, GM et al. (1999) Substrate-specific binding of hook-associated proteins by FlgN and FliT, putative chaperones for flagellum assembly. Mol. Microbiol. 32 569-80 PubMed
- ↑ Bennett, JC et al. (2001) Substrate complexes and domain organization of the Salmonella flagellar export chaperones FlgN and FliT. Mol. Microbiol. 39 781-91 PubMed
- ↑ Kutsukake, K et al. (1994) Isolation and characterization of FliK-independent flagellation mutants from Salmonella typhimurium. J. Bacteriol. 176 7625-9 PubMed
- ↑ Hasegawa, K et al. (1998) Quasi- and nonequivalence in the structure of bacterial flagellar filament. Biophys. J. 74 569-75 PubMed
- ↑ Samatey, FA et al. (2001) Structure of the bacterial flagellar protofilament and implications for a switch for supercoiling. Nature 410 331-7 PubMed
- ↑ Maki, S et al. (1998) Plugging interactions of HAP2 pentamer into the distal end of flagellar filament revealed by electron microscopy. J. Mol. Biol. 277 771-7 PubMed
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Yonekura, K et al. (2000) The bacterial flagellar cap as the rotary promoter of flagellin self-assembly. Science 290 2148-52 PubMed
- ↑ Maki-Yonekura, S et al. (2003) Domain movements of HAP2 in the cap-filament complex formation and growth process of the bacterial flagellum. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 15528-33 PubMed
- ↑ Minamino, T & Namba, K (2004) Self-assembly and type III protein export of the bacterial flagellum. J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 7 5-17 PubMed
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